m ••4l1IUlillUilMf«nm3t1I2idt»MM(1i LI B R.AR.Y OF THE U N I VLRS ITY Of ILLl NOIS 507 F45 1949-55 i CENTRAL CIRCULATION BOOKSTACKS The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its renewal or its return to the library from which it was borrowed on or before the Latest Date stamped below. You may be charged a minimum fee of $75.00 for each lost book. Theft, mutllatlen, and underlining of boclcs ore reasons for disciplinary action and may result In dismissal from tlie University. TO RENEW CALL TELEPHONE CENTER, 333-S400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN MAY 1 7 1395 MAY 1 5 1995 When renewing by phone, write new due date below previous due date. LI 62 07 45" }Sro ANNUAL REPORT 1950 Chicago Natural History Museum SAMUEL INSULL, JR. Third Vice-President of the Museum Member of the Board of Trustees since 1929 Chairman of the Pension Committee Member of the Executive Committee CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Report of the Director to the Board of Trustees for the year 1950 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JANUARY 1951 ^E LIBRARY OF THE SEP 5 -1951 iimwcoctTY n- It LtNOlS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PRESS Iq 50 Contents PAGE Former Officers 10 Former Members of the Board of Trustees 11 Officers, Trustees, and Committees, 1950 12 List of Staff, 1950 13 Report of the Director 19 Membership 23 James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation 24 N. W. Harris Public School Extension 26 Department of Anthropology 33 Department of Botany 42 Department of Geology 49 Department of Zoology 55 Library 63 Public Relations 67 Photography and Illustrations 69 Motion Pictures 69 Publications and Printing 70 Maintenance, Construction, and Engineering 86 Financial Statements 89 Attendance and Door Receipts 90 Accessions, 1950 91 Members of the Museum 103 Benefactors 103 Honorary Members 103 Patrons 103 Corresponding Members 104 Contributors 104 Corporate Members 105 Life Members 106 Non-Resident Life Members 107 Associate Members 107 Non-Resident Associate Members 121 Sustaining Members 121 Annual Members 121 Articles of Incorporation 136 Amended By-Laws 138 Illustrations PAGE Samuel Insull, Jr., Third Vice-President frontispiece Michigan Avenue Sky Line, from the Museum 9 Chicago Natural History Museum 18 Boardman Conover, 1892-1950 21 Raymond Foundation Tour for School Children 24 Portable Exhibit, N. W. Harris Public School Extension 27 Sioux Indians Visit the Museum 30 Tularosa Cave, New Mexico 34 Excavations on Saipan, Mariana Islands 37 Pawnee Thunder Ceremony 41 Corn from Tularosa Cave 43 Desert Scene near Tucson, Arizona 46 George Langford, Curator of Fossil Plants 50 Nodules 51 Skeleton of Bradysaurus haini 54 New Quarters of Division of Fishes 57 Land Leeches 58 Collecting in Wild Cat Cave 61 Cataloguing Department, Museum Library 64 Development of Young Birds 68 Art Students 74 Nature-Study Course 77 Ginger Lily 81 Checking the Layout 87 Chicago Natural History Museum, formerly Field Museum of Natural History, faces Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive. It is open every day except Christmas and New Year's Day and may be reached by elevated or surface railways. South Shore and Illmois Central suburban trains, or bus. There is ample free parking space. MICHIGAN AVENUE SKY LINE, FROM THE MUSEUM Fo rmer Off icers PRESIDENTS FIRST VICE-PRESIDENTS SECOND VICE-PRESIDENTS THIRD VICE-PRESIDENTS SECRETARIES TREASURERS DIRECTORS Edward E. Ayer* 1894-1898 Harlow N. Higinbotham* 1898-1908 Martin A. Ryerson* 1894-1932 Albert A. Sprague* 1933-1946 Norman B. Ream* 1894-1902 Marshall Field, Jr.* 1902-1905 Stanley Field 1906-1908 Watson F. Blair* 1909-1928 Albert A. Sprague* 1929-1932 James Simpson* 1933-1939 Silas H. Strawn* 1940-1946 Albert A. Sprague* 1921-1928 James Simpson* 1929-1932 Albert W. Harris 1933-1941 Ralph Metcalf 1894 George Manierre* 1894-1907 Frederick J. V. Skiff* 1907-1921 D. C. Davies* 1921-1928 Stephen C. SIMMS* 1928-1937 Byron L. Smith* 1894-1914 Frederick J. V. Skiff* 1893-1921 D. C. Davies* 1921-1928 Stephen C. SIMMS* 1928-1937 * Deceased 10 Former Members of the Board of Trustees George E. Adams,* 1893-1917 Owen F. Alois,* 1893-1898 Allison V. Armour,* 1893-1894 Edward E. Ayer,* 1893-1927 John C. Black,* 1893 1894 M. C. Bullock,* 1893-1894 Daniel H. Burnham,* 1893-1894 George R. Davis,* 1893-1899 James W. Ellsworth,* 1893-1894 Charles B. Farwell,* 1893-1894 Frank W. Gunsaulus,* 1893-1894, 1918-1921 Emil G. Hirsch,* 1893-1894 Charles L. Hutchinson,* 1893-1894 John A. Roche,* 1893-1894 Martin A. Ryerson,* 1893-1932 Edwin Walker,* 1893-1910 Watson F. Blair,* 1894-1928 William J. Chalmers,* 1894-1938 Harlow N. Higinbotham,* 1894-1919 Huntington W. Jackson,* 1894-1900 Arthur B. Jones,* 1894-1927 George Manierre,* 1894-1924 Cyrus H. McCormick,* 1894-1936 Norman B. Ream,* 1894-1910 Norman Williams,* 1894-1899 * Deceased Marshall Field, Jr.,* 1899-1905 Frederick J. V. Skiff,* 1902-1921 George F. Porter,* 1907-1916 Richard T. Crane, Jr.,* 1908-1912, 1921-1931 John Barton Payne,* 1910-1911 Albert A. Sprague,* 1910-1946 Chauncey Keep,* 1915-1929 Henry Field,* 1916-1917 William Wrigley, Jr.,* 1919-1931 John Borden, 1920-1938 Albert W. Harris, 1920-1941 James Simpson,* 1920-1939 Harry E. Byram,* 1921-1928 Ernest R. Graham,* 1921-1936 D. C. Davies,* 1922-1928 Charles H. Markham,* 1924-1930 Silas H. Strawn,* 1924-1946 Frederick H. Rawson,* 1927-1935 Stephen C. Simms,* 1928-1937 William V. Kelley,* 1929-1932 Fred W. Sargent,* 1929-1939 Leslie Wheeler,* 1934-1937 Charles A. McCulloch,* 1936-1945 Theodore Roosevelt,* 1938-1944 Boardman Conover,* 1940-1950 11 Officers^ Trustees^ and Committees^ 1950 OFFICERS BOARD OF TRUSTEES COMMITTEES Stanley Field, President Marshall Field, First Vice-President Albert B. Dick, Jr., Second Vice-President Samuel Insull, Jr., Third Vice-President Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer Clifford C. Gregg, Secretary John R. Millar, Assistant Secretary Lester Armour Sewell L. Avery Wm. McCormick Blair Leopold E. Block Boardman Conover* Walter J. Cummings Albert B. Dick, Jr. Howard W. Fenton Joseph N. Field Marshall Field John P. Marshall Field, Jr. Stanley Field Samuel Insull, Jr. Henry P. Isham Hughston M. McBain William H. Mitchell Clarence B. Randall George A. Richardson Solomon A. Smith Albert H. Wetten Wilson Executive— Stanley Field, Solomon A. Smith, Albert H. Wetten, Wm. McCormick Blair, Samuel Insull, Jr., Marshall Field, John P. Wilson, Albert B. Dick, Jr. A'nance— Solomon A. Smith, Leopold E. Block, Albert B. Dick, Jr., John P. Wilson, Walter J. Cummings, Albert H. Wetten, Henry P. Isham Building— Albert H. Wetten, William H. Mitchell, Lester Armour, Joseph N. Field, Boardman Conover* Auditing — Wm. McCormick Blair, Clarence B. Randall, Marshall Field, Jr. Pension — Samuel Insull, Jr., Sewell L. Avery, Hughston M. McBain * Deceased, 1950 12 List of Staff, 1950 DIRECTOR DEPUTY DIRECTOR DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY Clifford C. Gregg John R. Millar Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator Wilfrid D. Hambly, Curator, African Ethnology T. George Allen, Research Associate, Egyptian Archaeology Fay-Cooper Cole, Research Associate, Malaysian Ethnology Alexander Spoehr, Curator, Oceanic Ethnology Donald Collier, Curator, South American Ethnology and Archaeology J. Eric Thompson, Research Associate, Central American Archaeology A. L. Kroeber, Research Associate, American Archaeology John B. Rinaldo, Assistant Curator, Archaeology Elaine Bluhm, Assistant, Archaeology George I. Quimby, Curator of Exhibits Robert J. Braidwood, Research Associate, Old World Prehistory Miguel Covarrubias, Research Associate, Primitive Art Alfred Lee Rowell, Dioramist Gustaf Dalstrom, Artist John Pletinckx, Ceramic Restorer Walter C. Reese, Preparator Paul J. Warner,* Preparator Agnes H. McNary, Departmental Secretary Theodor Just, Chief Curator B. E. Dahlgren, Curator Emeritus Paul C. Standley, Curator Emeritus, Herbarium Julian A. Steyermark, Curator, Herbarium George A. Davis, Assistant, Herbarium J. Francis Macbride, Curator, Peruvian Botany Jose Cuatrecasas,! Curator, Colombian Botany Earl E. Sherff, Research Associate, Systematic Botany Francis Drouet, Curator, Cryptogamic Botany Hanford Tiffany, Research Associate, Cryptogamic Botany Donald Richards, Research Associate, Cryptogamic Botany Hugh C. Cutler, Curator, Economic Botany * Deceased, 1950 t Resigned, 1950 13 DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY (Oontlnufd) DEPARTMENT OK GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT OK ZOOLOGY Llewelyn Williams, Associate, Forest Products J. S. Daston, Assistatit, Botany Emil Sella, Curator of Exhibits Milton Copllos, Artist-Preparator Samiel H. Grove, Jr., Artist-Prcparalor P^kank Boryca, Prcparator Mathias Dones, Preparator Phyllis Wade, Departmental Secretary Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator Bryan Patterson, Curator, Fossil Mammals Rainer Zanc.erl, Curator, Fossil Reptiles Robert H. Denison, Curator, Fossil Fishes Albert A. Dahlberg, Research Associate, Fossil Vertebrates Exerett C. Olson, Research Associate, Fossil Vertebrates Priscilla F. Turnbull, Assistant, Fossil V^ertebrates Eugene S. Richardson, Jr., Curator, Fossil Invertebrates George Langford, Curator, Fossil Plants R. H. Whitfield, Associate, Fossil Plants Violet S. Whitfield, Associate, Fossil Plants Ernst Antevs, Research Associate, Glacial Geology Robert K. Wyant, Curator, Economic Geology Harry E. Changnon, Curator of Exhibits Orville L. Gilpin, Chief Preparator, Fossils Henry Horb.ack, Preparator William D. Turnbull, Preparator Stanley Kuczek, Preparator Henry U. Taylor, Preparator John Conrad Hansen, Artist Joanne Neher, Departmental Secretary Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator Colin Campbell Sanborn, Curator, Mammals Philip Hershkovitz, Assistant Curator, Mammals Austin L. Rand, Curator, Birds Emmet R. Blake, Associate Curator, Birds Boardman Conover,* Research Associate, Birds Louis B. Bishop,* Research Associate, Birds RUDYERD Boulton, Research Associate, Birds Melvin a. Traylor, Jr., Research Associate, Birds Ellen T. Smith, Associate, Birds Clifford H. Pope, Curator, Arnphibians and Reptiles Ch'eng-chao Liu, Research Associate, Reptiles Hymen Marx, Assistant, Reptiles * Deceased, 1950 14 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY (Continued) ASSOCIATE EDITORS DEPARTMENT OF THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND FOUNDATION LoREN P. Woods, Curator, Fishes Robert F. Inger, Assistant Curator, Fishes Robert Kanazawa.I Assistant, Fishes Marion Grey, Associate, Fishes William J. Gerhard, Curator Emeritus, Insects Rupert L. Wenzel, Curator, Insects Henry S. Dybas, Associate Curator, Insects Alfred E. Emerson, Research Associate, Insects Gregorio Bondar, Research Associate, Insects Charles H. Seevers, Research Associate, Insects Alex K. Wyatt, Research Associate, Insects August Ziemer, Assistant, Insects Ruth Marshall, Research Associate, Arachnids Fritz Haas, Curator, Lower Invertebrates D. Dwight Davis, Curator, Vertebrate Anatomy Dorothy B. Foss, Osteologist R. M. Strong, Research Associate, Anatomy Harry Hoogstraal, Field Associate Leon L. Walters, Taxidermist Frank C. Wonder, Taxidermist Ronald J. Lambert, Assistant Taxidermist Kenneth Woehlck,! Assistant Taxidermist Carl W. Cotton, Assistant Taxidermist Joseph B. Krstolich, Artist Margaret G. Bradbury, Artist Margaret J. Bauer, Departmental Secretary Lillian A. Ross, Scientific Publications Mary P. Murray, Assistant Helen Atkinson MacMinn, Miscellaneous Publications Richard A. Martin, Curator Albert J. Franzen, Preparator and Taxidermist Leonard Rosenthal, f Preparator George Steinhardt, Assistant Miriam Wood, Chief June Buchwald Lorain Farmer Marie Svoboda Harriet Smith Jane Sharpe Anne Stromquist t Resigned, 1950 15 I UK l.W MAN LE(rri RER nil I IIIK \KY ACCOUNTING HOOK SHOP ADMINISTRATION AM) RECORDS PUBLIC RELATIONS COINSEL DIVISION OF MKMUKRSllIPS DIVISIONS OF l>|IOIO(.R \PHV \ND ILLUSTR \ I ION Paul CJ. Dai.lwk; Adiiiiitixtratiou: Mkta p. HowkLL, Librarian Kmii.v M. WiLUOxsoN.t Librarian Emerita Louise Boynton Denison, Adminislratire Assistant Classification and Cataloguing: Eunice Marthens CiEMMILL, Associate Librarian Dawn Davey, (lasnifier M. Kll.EKN RocorUT, Cntnloijuer Reference: Rl'TH Debus, Reference Librarian Winifred F.. VVeissman, Assistant Reference Librarian Mary E. BABCOCK.t Assistant William A. Bender, Auditor Benjamin Bridge,* Auditor Emeritus A. L. Stebbins, Assistant Auditor Robert E. Bruce, Purchasing Agent Jessie Dudley, in charge Susan M. Carpenter, Secretary to the Director Marion G. Gordon, Registrar Elsie H. Thomas, Recorder Edna T. Eckert,! Assistant Recorder Hilda Nordland, Assistant Recorder E. Leland Webber, Assistant Recorder Jeannette Forster, Assistant Recorder H. B. Harte Pearle Bilinske, in charge Herman Abendroth.^ Photographer John BayaLIS, Photographer DoUC.LAS E. Tibbitts, Illustrator : Retired, 1950 t Resigned, 1950 * Deceased, 1950 16 DIVISION OF MOTION PICTURES DIVISION OF PRINTING MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING THE GUARD John W. Mover, in charge Raymond H. Hallstein, in charge Harold M. Grutzmacher, Assistant James R. Shouba, Superintendent GUSTAV A. NOREN, Assistant Superintendent William E. Lake, Chief Engineer Leonard Carrion, Assistant Chief Engineer David J. Conwill,* Captain George Woodward, Captain * Deceased, 1950 17 ;•&■.>.- 'B:M .^<^.- '^'^ .^'^^ '—*»., ifc^^. 1 1 •J • •^ • a .J 4 »" '/ • 1 • • 1 - - jm "*' f sss atural History Museum South Entrance Annual Report of the Director To the Trustees: I have the honor to present a report of the operation of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1950. This year brought about the completion of the modernization of the boiler plant. The total cost of the improvement amounted to $183,424.46, which expenditure reduced the Reserve for Deprecia- tion of Mechanical Plant to $36,213.55. An appropriation of $10,000 to the Depreciation Reserve during the year brought the total of that fund at the end of the year to $46,213.55. The continuous expansion of the Museum's collections has brought about acute storage problems in many of the departments and divisions. In the Division of Fishes the situation had become such that immediate action to provide additional space was necessary. Not only was space limited but, in addition, the increasing weight of steel shelving, fish specimens, and the heavy glass jars of alcohol in which the specimens are preserved had so nearly reached the safety limits that the Board of Trustees decided to move the entire Division of Fishes to a location on the ground floor. During the year this tremendous move was accomplished, and the Division of Fishes is now housed in the ground-floor area formerly designated as Hall B. The construction includes the addition of several built-in concrete tanks for large specimens, chain and pulley equipment for handling, steel shelving and cases, and new modern offices. The 19 increase in storage capacity for our rapidly expanding collection of tishes will amount to at least fifty per cent. The sum of .$22,726.44 was spent during the year in preparing the new area for occupancy. Other plans have been developed that contemplate the moving and expansion of the I )ivisi()n of Vertebrate Anatomy and of the Division of Insects. The death on May 5 of Boardman Conover, a Trustee of the Mu.seum, was a severe blow both to the Board of Trustees and to the stalT. Mr. Conover was al.so a Re.search A.s.sociate of the Museum in the Division of Birds and spent most of his time in acquiring, studying, and de.scribing his outstanding collection of game birds of the world. This collection of .some eighteen thou.sand specimens, together with his extensive library, was left to the Mu.seum. In addition, Mr. C'onover's will provides a fund of $50,000 to continue in perpetuity the vitally important work in which he was engaged. In recognition of his many contributions and .services the Board of Trustees elected Mr. Conover posthumously a Benefactor of the Museum (see page 103i, having honored him in the past by electing him, at various times, a Life Member, a Patron, a Contributor, and a Corporate Member. The Board of Trustees acted further to honor the memory of Mr. Conover by voting to name Hall 21, the hall housing collections of birds in .systematic arrangement, Boardman Conover Hall. At its meeting in May the Board of Trustees adopted the following re.solution: Boardman Conover, 1892 1950 "It is with profound regi'et that the Board of Trustees of Chicago Natural History Mu.seum records the death on May 5, 1950, of their fellow member, Boardman Conover. "Mr. Conover has long been a.s.sociated with Chicago Natural History Mu.seum. As early as 1920 his interest in the study of birds brought him into contact with members of the scientific staff. In 1921, he became a Life Member of the Mu.seum and in recognition of his re.search in the field of ornithology he was [)laced on the staff as an As.sociate. In 1936, he was appointed Re.search Associate. "Mr. C'onover's interest in the work of the Mu.seum al.so found expression at various times in field exploration and study in Vene- zuela, Chile, Alaska, the Belgian Congo, Tanganyika, and Uganda. In later years, in lieu of expeditionary work, he established contact with field collectors in all parts of the world. Through his own efforts anrl at his own expense he accumulated one of the world's outstanding collections of game birds. 20 DuBois-Orake Studio BOARDMAN CONOVER 1892-1950 Associate in Ornithology, 1924; Life Member, 1924; Patron, 1926; Contributor, 1930; Research Associate in Birds, 1936; Member of the Board of Trustees, 1940; Corporate Member, 1940; Benefactor, 1950 21 "In recopnition of his work for \hv Museum, he was elected in l!»l^t) lo the honorary chissilicalion of Patron of the institution. In IDU), he was invited to become a member of the Board of Trustees, on which he served until his death. Ik- was elected a Corporate Member in the same year. "[•"or many years, he maintained an otlici- at the Museum, where he conducted research on his famous collection of jiame birds. After the death of Dr. Charles !'.. llellmayr in the sj)rinp of 1941, Mr. Conover undertook the arduous duty of completing the i^itaUxjue of Birds of thv Americas, which had been be^nm by Charles B. Cory in 1909. and he broujiht that notable work to comi)letion in August, 1949. His deep interest in the Mu.seum is further indicated by the fact that his pifts to the institution total more than $1()(),000. "He will be missed not only by the members of the Board of Trustees but by the members of the stalf. with whom he was a co-worker for so many years. In appreciation of his long a.ssociation with the Museum and his notable service to the institution, and in recognition of his fine friendship and outstanding character, we pay tribute to the memory of Boardman Conover. "Therefore, be it resolved that this testimonial of our esteem and affection be placed on the permanent records of the Board of Trustees of Chicago Natural History Museum: "And be it further resolved that our deep .sympathy be conveyed to the members of his bereaved family and that a copy of this resolution be sent to them." ATTENDANCE The total number of visitors at the Museum in 1950 was 1,173,661, of which number 1,052,420 were admitted without charge because they came on free admi.ssion days or belonged to cla.s.sifications admitted free on all days .school children, students, teachers, members of the armed forces of the United Nations, and Members of this Mu.seum. (For comparative attendance statistics and door receipts for 1949 and 1950, see page 90.) The number of out-of-Chicago .schools u.sing the Mu.seum con- tinued to increase until in May the number reached an all-time high of 177 groups totaling 5,517 students. The fall (October and November I attendance of students in the Museum was the highe.st since before the war (1941). Many Boy Scout troops on their way to the 1950 Boy Scout Jamboree at Valley Forge, Penn.sylvania, stopped between trains at the Mu.seum for special tours of the 22 exhibition halls. Boys and girls from the farms of America, chosen in each locality for excellence of achievement and sent to Chicago at the time of the International Livestock Exposition as delegates to the National Congress of 4-H Clubs, made their annual visit to the Museum in November. The Museum was host also to a number of organizations, among them the American Horticultural Council, the American Malacological Union, the Illinois Audubon Society, and the Kennicott Club of Chicago. In May the Museum enter- tained a group of supervisory personnel of the Chicago Park District at a buffet dinner and program in the cafeteria, after which the guests were taken on guided tours of the Museum. The facilities of the Museum were used in September for day and night sessions of government officials who met to analyze plans for civil defense. TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS Stanley Field, president of Chicago Natural History Museum, was re-elected at the Annual Meeting of the Board of Trustees in January to serve for his forty-second consecutive year. All other officers were likewise re-elected. They are: Marshall Field, first vice-president; Albert B. Dick, Jr., second vice-president; Samuel Insull, Jr., third vice-president; Solomon A. Smith, treasurer; Clifford C. Gregg, secretary; and John R. Millar, assistant secretary. MEMBERSHIP An expression of gratitude is here conveyed to the many public- spirited citizens who, as Members of this Museum, support the scientific and educational work being done here and help to make possible its successful continuance. In recognition of their past support, appreciation is here expressed also to those Members who found it necessary to discontinue their membership. When condi- tions are favorable for them to do so, it is hoped that they will resume membership and association with the cultural work of the Museum. The total number of Members at the close of 1950 was 4,775. The number of Members in each membership classification was as follows: Benefactors — 24; Honorary Members — 8; Patrons — 17; Corresponding Members — 6; Contributors — 172; Corporate Members — 40; Life Members — 161; N on-Resident Life Members — 16; Associate Members — 2,274; Non-Resident Associate Members — 11; Sustaining Members — 21; Annual Members — 2,025. The names of Members of the Museum during 1950 are listed at the end of this Report. 23 JAMliS NELSON AND ANNA LOLISH RAYMOND FOUNDATION I-OR PUBLIC SCHOOL AND CHILDREN'S LECTURES Tlu' Jaiiu's Xt'Ison and Anna l/ouise Raymond Foundation continued in li>r)0 its presentation of lectures, tours, pro^n-ams, stories, and motion pictures to ^n-oups of people in the Museum and, by means of ib? extension-lecture service, in the schools. As in the past the entire propi'am of this educational division of the Museum has been kept flexible in order to meet the recjuirements of school pjoups and students of all kinds. Clo.ser co-o{)eration between the Mu.seum and the Chicajzo Public Schools and a study of the needs of the schools resulted in the publication of a folder of Kt'neral information about the Mu.seum and its educational .services. Sea.sonal flyers with suji^ested tours were added for the teacher's reference. The.se were .sent to all the Chicago Public Elementary Schools, with the result that these schools have made greater use of the Museum. A group of children from one of the m.in)' org.inizcd sciiool groups that visit the Museum MOW the great ground sloth m tlir H.ill of Fossil X'ertcbratcs (Hall 38 1. 24 Two series of Museum Stories for Children were published in connection with the spring and fall series of motion-picture programs for children. The spring series, "Children of Long Ago," tells how children of ancient Egypt, Babylonia, and China lived. The fall series, "Adventures of a Pebble," takes a pebble from its very beginning to the present time. All extension lectures were re- organized and brought up to date with the addition of new pictures, either still or motion. One entirely new lecture, "The Natural History of Chicagoland," was offered in 16mm natural-color film. A one-day conference on nature-study was given in September for forty-three instructors and supervisors of the Chicago Park District. Raymond Foundation again co-operated with the Radio Council of the Chicago Public Schools in presenting four programs in the Museum following radio broadcasts. Dr. Austin L. Rand, Curator of Birds, was guest-speaker for the broadcast "Feathered Architects" on the Science Story-Teller series. A summary of all activities of Raymond Foundation for the year, with attendance figures, follows: RAYMOND FOUNDATION ACTIVITIES Activities within the Museum r or Cnilaren Groups Attendance Groups Attendance Tours in Museum halls 927 29,234 Radio follow-up programs 4 455 Lectures preceding tours 87 5,436 Motion-picture programs 29 21,339 Total 1,047 56,464 For adults Tours in Museum halls 380 6,672 Total 380 6,672 Extension Activities Chicago public schools Elementary schools 102 33,461 Chicago private schools 3 310 Suburban schools 2 430 Miscellaneous 2 650 Total 109 34,851 Total for Raymond Foundation Activities 1,536 97,987 25 spnciAL lixi iiBirs "Stories in Hair and i-'ur," a si)t'cial exhihit in Stanley Field Hall (luring August and September, was prepared as a series of thirty panels by the C'ranbrook Institute of Science, of Rloomfield Hills, Michigan. The exhibit presented information about the structure of hair and the (lualities and kinds of fur. the jiatherin^ of furs, the near-extermination of many fur-bearing' animals, and the modern business of breeding animals for their fur. Late in October one of the Moirollon "mummies"" found in 'i'ularosa Cave, New Mexico, b\ the 1 !).")() Southwest Archaeological Kxpedition was i)Iacefi on exhibition. Representative artifacts of perishable materials from the Mogollon culture were included in the exhibit. Other special exhibits during the year were "Animals in Action," a collection of |)hotogi-aphs by Roman Vishniac, of New York; the F'ifth Chicago International Exhibition of Nature Photography, held under the auspices of the Nature Camera Club of Chicago and the Museum; and i)aintings and drawings of Museum exhibits by students of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. THl^ N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL LX PENSION The adjusted delivery schedule of portable Museum exhibits insti- tuted at the beginning of the school year 1949 50 continued in oi)eration during the .school months of 1950. Lnder this schedule each .school on the circulation list of the Department of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension received, every tenth school day, two Mu.seum exhibits that could be used for direct study and general discussion in the clas.srooms or, if preferred, as display material. During each period of ten school days the drivers of the two Harris Extension trucks delivered and exchanged exhibits for nine days and served in the workshop on the tenth day. PVom its inception the schedule was found to be satisfactory. It permitted more efficient use of the drivers' time for assisting the i)reparators. At the clo.se of 1950 the circulation list numbered 508. Of these, 4l)as, A>sistant Curalor of Insects, was made AsscH-iate Curaior. Auirusl Ziemer was appointed Assistant in the Division of Insects, Hymen Marx was promoted to Assistant in the Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, and (Jeorjje Steinhardt, a new employee, became Assistant in the Department of the X. W. Harris i'ul)lic School Kxtensioii. Carl \V. Cotton, Assistant in the Division of N'erlebrate Anatomy, was made Assistant Taxiridge, Auditor Emeritus, in continuous service of the Museum since LS5)7; David J. Conwill, Captain of the Guard, mombor of the Mu.seum guard force since 19:M; Henry W. Nichols, A group of Sioux Indians, who came to the Museum to look at the Indian exhibits AuA the animals of the plains, attracts a following of entranced children visitors. 30 i former Chief Curator of the Department of Geology, in the service of the Museum for fifty years until his retirement in 1944; Paul J. Warner, Preparator in the Department of Anthropology since 1937; and Albert B. Wolcott, assistant in the Division of Insects and then Assistant Curator in the Department of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension until his retirement in 1942 after thirty- four years in the service of the Museum. VOLUNTEER WORKERS The Museum thanks its volunteer workers for their faithful con- tribution of time and effort. Names of some of them are included in the List of Staff at the beginning of this Report, where they are designated by the titles Research Associate, Associate, and, in one case. The Layman Lecturer. Other volunteers in 1950, not in that list, are : Department of Anthropology — Miss Vivian Broman; Depart- ment of Botany — Miss Margaret Feigley, Dr. George D. Fuller, Philip Garrett, Floyd Swink; Department of Geology — Mrs. George Langford, Miss Nancy Robertson, Lloyd Soley; Department of Zoology — Mrs. Diane Burnett, Rodger D. Mitchell, George Moeller, Edward Palincsar, Miss Barbara Rohrke. THE LAYMAN LECTURER After a leave of absence of two years Paul G. Dallwig, The Layman Lecturer of the Museum, returned in November to resume his course of Sunday afternoon lectures. A new subject, "Life, What Is It," brought an avalanche of requests for reservations. Only the limita- tions of space in the halls of the Museum, where his lectures were conducted, prevented him from reaching far more than the average attendance of 183 for each Sunday of the month. A long waiting list at the end of the month prompted Mr. Dallwig to repeat this same lecture on the afternoons of December 23 and December 24, dates on which the Director of the Museum feared that there would be slight response. However, the attendance on these two dates totaled 341, so that the newest presentation of The Layman Lecturer actually reached 1,071 persons. The December lectures, on pre- historic man, also taxed to the limit the available space, and with real regret many applicants for tickets were refused. The sincere thanks of the Museum are extended to Paul G. Dallwig, Chicago business man who contributes his time and effort to the education and entertainment of Museum visitors. 31 EXPEDITIONS The Museum had twenty-four exi)e(liti()ns in the field during 1950. Their work is described in this Report under the headings of the scientific departments. K.xpeditions of IDoO and their leaders are: Ukp.aKT.MIONT of .\nthk<)I'()I.()c;y: Micronesia Anthropological F^jrpvdilion, 19Jf9 '>() Dr. Ale.xander Spoehr, Curator of Oceanic Ethnology; Southwest Archaeological Expedition Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator. Dkp.aRTMKNT of Botany: Cuba Botanical Expedition Dr. P>. K. DahlgT'en, Curator Kmeritus; European Study Trip Dr. Francis Drouet, Curator of Cry|)togamic Botany; Middle Central America Botanical Expedition, U)ItS 50 Paul C. Standley, Curator of the Herbarium. Department of Geology: Alahanm Paleontological Field Trip — Dr. Rainer Zangerl, Curator of Fo.ssil Reptiles; Eastern States Geological Field Trip- Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator; Missis- sippi \'aUey Geological Field Trip Robert K. Wyant, Curator of Economic Geology; Tennessee Paleobotanical Field Trip George Langford, Curator of Fossil Plants; Texas Paleontological Expedi- tion—Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fo.ssil Mammals; L'tah Paleonto- logical Expedition — Dr. Robert H. Denison, Curator of Fo.ssil Fishes; Wilmington (Illinois) Paleobotanical Field Trips Curator Langford; Wyoming Invertebrate Paleontological Field Trip Eugene S. Richard- son. Jr., Curator of Fossil Invertebrates. Department of Zoology: Appalachian and Ouachita Mountains Zoological Field Trip Clifford H. Pope, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles; Arkansas Zoological Field Trip — Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals; Bermuda Zoological Expedition Dr. Fritz Haas, Curator of Lower Invertebrates; Borneo Zoological Expedition — D. Dwight Davis, Curator of Vertebrate Anatomy; Colombia Zoo- logical Expedition, 191^8 51 — Philip Hershkovitz, A.ssistant Curator of Mammals; Field Work for Care Fishes Ix)ren P. Woods, Curator of P'ishes; Florida Keys Fish-Collecting Trip, 191^9 50 Curator Woods; Gulf States Zoological Field Trip Leon L. Walters, Ta.xi- dermist; Texas Zoological Field Trip Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator; United States Xavy Medical Research Unit A'o. .], Cairo, Egypt, 19^9-51 — Harry Hoogstraal (in charge of Sudan Substation), Field Associate, Museum representative; West Africa Zoological Expedition, 1950-51 — Harry A. Beatty, of New York. 32 Department of Anthropology Research and Expeditions Archaeological excavations in a cave were undertaken for the first time in the history of the Department of Anthropology. The cave was high up on the side of a hill in the Apache National Forest of western New Mexico. Excavations were again carried out under a permit issued to Chicago Natural History Museum by the Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture. This research program undertaken in the Apache National Forest is one of the most exhaustive and prolonged in the record of excavation in the Southwest. The 1950 field season, the seventh, occupied the months of June to September. Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator, who was in charge of the expedition, was assisted by Dr. John B. Rinaldo, Assistant Curator of Archaeology, Dr. Ernst Antevs, Research Associate in Glacial Geology, W. T. Egan, photographer and sur- veyor, and James Barter and Miss Elaine Bluhm, Assistant in Archaeology, classifiers and cataloguers. A dry cave (Tularosa Cave) was selected for field research this season because from it Chief Curator Martin and Dr. Rinaldo hoped to secure artifacts of perishable materials that could be identified as pertaining to the Mogollon culture, a relatively new culture that has been intensively studied by them during the past decade. All the materials recovered from previous digs consisted of tools of stone and bone and some pottery. Perishable materials such as clothing, basketry, vegetable products, and objects of wood and leather were lacking. And because of this lacuna, a complete story of the daily life of the Mogollon Indians could not be reconstructed. The excavations of 1950 were more successful than had been anticipated. A total of about 2,200 specimens was recovered, not counting broken pieces of pottery and odd ends of cordage. The deposits in the cave represent a classic example of stratigraphy or the dating of layers by position. That is to say, the earliest remains were found on the floor of the cave, the latest on the surface. Since such a vast quantity of material was recovered, a detailed analysis of it has not yet been completed. A few general statements, however, may safely be made. The earliest occupation of the cave probably took place several centuries before Christ. The first settlers were Indians who lived by gathering wild foods, who snared or hunted (with spear-thrower and spear) deer, rabbits, mountain sheep, and antelopes, and who 33 farmed. Corn of a somewhat primitive nature (see Department of lk)tany, page 43) and s(|uash were the only trops ^-own by these early farmers. Somewhat later, beans were added to the crop roster, thus rornpleting the well-known crop triad corn, beans, and .scjuash known later to many of the Xorth American Indians. The collec- tion of vegetal materials recovered from Tularo.sa Cave is the largest in the New World. Tlu' art of pottery-making was unknown to these earliest cave people. 'Vhv absence of this skill is significant because it was previously a.ssumed that lottery and corn were con- temporaneous in the time of their first appearance. The stone im- l>lemen(s from the lowest or earliest level of the cave are similar to tho.se found in Wet Leggett Canyon and reported on in the Annual Report for 19 17. Chief Curatoi' Martin and i)r. Kinaldo conjecture that the first dwellers in Tularosa Cave were probably Indians who are called Cochi.se. The Cochi.se people wandered into the Apache Forest region from southern Arizona 1,500 or 2,000 years before Christ. Their culture is generally held to be ancestral to the Mogollon culture. In later levels of the cave the archaeologists found nearly every stage of the Mogollon culture. The.se later layers are dated as running from about A.D. 300 to a.d. 1200. Pottery was introduced into the area about .\.n. 300, and a complete .series was found; i)lain brown and red wares at the bottom of the depo.sit; the.se wares plus The cxcivation of Tulnrosa Cave, Apaclic N.itional Forest, western New Mc.vico, was the first c.wc project to be undertaken by the Department of Anthropology. 34 a decorated type, Mogollon Red-on-Brown, in the middle layers; and textured brown wares, smudged wares, and a different decorated type, Reserve Black-on- White, in the uppermost layers. The list of perishable materials, preserved because of dry con- ditions in the cave, is impressive: sandals, spear-throwers of wood, spear foreshafts, bows and arrows, snares, rabbit nets, digging sticks for planting corn, rush mats, cradles, whistles or flutes, fragments of cotton textile, fur and feather blankets, aprons or "skirts" made of cotton (?) strings, bags made from animal skins, tobacco pipes, reed-cigarette butts, wooden spoons, ceremonial prayer sticks, hair nets, baskets, cloth bags, cordage, fetishes, and a medicine man's bag containing herbs and paraphernalia. In an early level, which is dated at about a.d. 600 or a.d. 700, were found the remains of two desiccated adults. These had been placed intentionally in burial pits. A brief analysis of the materials by levels (that is, by the dif- ferent periods of time involved) shows clearly that there were styles in types of sandals and basketry, in the tools of bone and stone, and in types of pottery and that these styles changed from time to time. For example, in the earliest layer were found wickerwork sandals (2 to 4 warp, over-one, under-one weave) made of coarse yucca leaves. In the latest layer that type of sandal had been replaced by one of a plaited or twilled weave with a herringbone effect. The 1950 excavations show that Tularosa Cave was occupied for about two thousand years. The materials that were recovered are new in the sense that they represent the first perishable speci- mens surely identified with the Mogollon culture. When the results of this work are published, students will have at their disposal an unparalleled series of articles used in daily life by the Mogollon Indians. It will then be possible to make conjectures and inferences not now possible. John W. Moyer, staff cinematographer, spent three weeks with the expedition making documentary films in color of the excavations in the cave and of other archaeological features, all of which will be incorporated into a unified film-story. Dr. Antevs, while with the expedition, continued climatological studies of Pine Lawn Valley. When working in Wet Leggett Canyon, where the earliest remains of man in the Valley have been discovered, he found an ancient hearth. Charcoal from this hearth was sent to the carbon-14 project of the Institute for Nuclear Studies, Uni- versity of Chicago. Dr. Willard F. Libby, in charge of the project, processed this charcoal and assigned to it a date of 4,508 years ago ±680 years. This means that Pine Lawn Valley was inhabited 35 about 2(H)() B.C. or 30()() n.c. 'I'his carhon-14 dale is very close to the estimated dates of 3000 B.C. to 1500 B.C. maonomic Botany, spent March and April in Cuba as.sisting Curator Kmeritus Dahlgren with the Cuban palm project. During the remainder of the year he made a study of native American food plants and their wild relatives, 42 Corn from Tularosa Cave, New Mexico. The three lower ears are pod corn, which is believed to be similar to the kind of corn from which modern corn was developed. These ears came from the deepest (earliest) levels of the cave. The eight ears above, from an upper (more recent) level, show greater development and variation. based on collections by Museum expeditions and on a large loan collection of Peruvian archaeological material made by Dr. Junius Bird, of the American Museum of Natural History. In order to provide reliable material for comparison, a collection of all available legumes used for food was grown near Chicago during the summer. After July Curator Cutler was engaged in research on plant materials recovered from Tularosa Cave by the Museum's 1950 Southwest Archaeological Expedition. The excavated material is in amount, condition, and diversity of cultivated plant material the best collec- tion that has ever been made. Of most interest is the corn, com- 43 prising about thirty-ei^'ht thousand cobs, fragments, and a few ears complete with j^Tains and husks. Some of the corn, the most primitive yet uneiunhed, is bcHeved to be the oldest corn yet dis- covered. The study of this valuable collection is expected to require at least another year. I)r. Julian A. Steyermark, A.ssociate Curator of the Herbarium, continued the study of his collections from Venezuela and Ecuador and those from Venezuela made by Associate Williams. Associate Curator Steyermark's collections from Venezuela continued to yield a lar^e proportion of species new to science as well as numerous rei'ords of plants previously unknown from that country. The report on new species from Venezuela, prepared by A.s.sociate Curator Steyermark and many sjjecialists, is .soon to be i.ssued by the Mu.seum. Many of these Venezuelan collections rei)re.sent important additions to our knowledge of plant geography and have yielded valuable information on plant evolution and endemism. The proportion of species new to science collected by him is higher than that resulting from any previous e.xpedition spon.sored by the Museum. It is hoped that future expeditions will be made in order to bring forth additional botanical novelties. A number of field trips to Missouri were made by Associate Curator Steyermark in connection with his work as Re.search A.ssociate of Mi.s.souri Botanical Garden. Important new herbarium collections were made that throw new light on the ranges of eastern and southern species in the United States, and .several virgin forests and a virgin prairie in the heart of the Ozarks, previou.sly uncol- lected, yielded valuable botanical data. One of the rarest plants in North America, Geocarpon minimum, was redi.scovered by him in company with its original collector, E. J. Palmer, in Jasper County, southwestern Missouri. Results of a reinvestigation (.see page 84 j showed that the genus had been misi)laced in the Aizoaceae, the family to which it had previously and rather uncertainly been referred, and instead should be placed in the CaryophyUaceae. In addition Associate Curator Steyermark spent considerable time identifying numerous collections that were sent in for determination from the United States, Mexico, and Central and South America. Special attention was given to certain families, such as the Ruhiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Letitihulariaceae, and Compositoe. Work was begim in the summer on the separation of type speci- mens from the regular mounted herbarium sheets. This is being done in order to make these important specimens upon which the concept of the species is based readily available to workers as well 44 as immediately accessible for evacuation in case of fire or emergencies brought on by the contingencies of war. Type specimens are the most valuable specimens a herbarium possesses, and they must be saved at all cost. The Museum possesses a splendid collection of such specimens, especially from Central and South America. During 1950, as the year before, many specimens sent to the Museum by collectors and various institutions were identified by Dr. Jose Cuatrecasas, Curator of Colombian Botany. Of these the most important collections are those of Woytkowski, Yepes, Cas- taneda, Schultes, Patifio, Daniel, Uribe-Uribe, Sneidern, Brother Apolinar-Maria, Facultad Agronomia Medellin, Acosta Soils, Espi- nosa, Paredes from Ecuador, Cardenas from Bolivia, and Leon from Costa Rica. Loans received for naming from other institutions (United States National Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, Gray Herbarium, and University of California) were identified by Curator Cuatrecasas, chiefly collections of Andean Compositae, Cunoniaceae, Rosaceae, Guttiferae, Bomhacaceae, Moraceae, Tiliaceae, and Sterculiaceae. Approximately four thousand specimens of such collections and special groups were thus named. In addition Curator Cuatrecasas identified or described as new many species in his large collection of Colombian plants, containing more than twenty-four thousand numbers of phanerogams, many of which are accompanied by wood and bark samples of undescribed trees. Because many groups found in tropical x\merica are incom- pletely known or specimens often come from previously unexplored areas, much research and critical work must be done in order to identify such a collection, including extensive studies of type collec- tions in American and European herbaria, and descriptions of new species must be prepared before studies of a more general character can be undertaken. This fundamental taxonomic work must be supplemented by data obtained from material deposited in other American and European herbaria in preparation of a critical catalogue of all species of flowering plants found in Colombia, which will be the basis of a descriptive flora of Colombia and of future studies on plant distribution and ecology. Because of the special geo- graphical position of Colombia this catalogue of its flora will be of great use to all those interested in the biogeography of other South and Central American countries. The flora of Colombia is estimated to contain around twenty-five thousand species or more than ten times the number of species found in Illinois. Work on this catalogue will be started in 1951 under the auspices of the John Simon Guggen- heim Memorial Foundation of New York. 45 This desert scene near Tucson. Arizona, appears in a recent Museum publication, "Natural Landscapes of the United States," h\ J. Francis Macbride (Popular Series). Dr. Franci.s Drouet, Curator of Cryptogamic Botany, .^^pent most of the year in naminji .specimens of algae received from many .sources and in curating the collection.s of cryptogams. In April he left for four months of study of types of micro.scopic algae in European herbaria, a project made possible with funds provided by Elmer J. Richards, of Chicago. Visits were made at the British Mu.seum (Natural History), Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Linnean Society of London, University of Birmingham, Museum d'Histoire Xaturelle in Paris, Con.servatoire Botanique in Geneva, University of Geneva, Eidgenossische Technische Hoch.schule in Zurich, University of 46 Zurich, University of Vienna, Natural History Museum in Vienna, the private collections of the de Toni family in Brescia, Rijksher- barium in Leiden, Botanical Museum in Copenhagen, University of Lund, Natural History Museum in Stockholm, University of Uppsala, and the Botanical Museum in Oslo. This project was in continuation of work on a revision of the coccoid blue-gi^een algae being carried on in collaboration with William A. Daily, of Butler University. Mr. and Mrs. Daily spent some days at the Museum during the year studying the collections of Myxophyceae and Characeae. Dr. Hanford Tiffany and Donald Richards, Research Associates, continued work on the cryptogams, the latter taking charge of the collections during the absence of Curator Drouet. Miss Margaret Feigley, volunteer worker, identi- fied large numbers of bryophytes. Dr. Maxwell S. Doty and Miss Dorothy E. Fensholt, of Northwestern University, made considerable use of the collections of algae in their research. Under the direction of Mrs. Effie M. Schugman more than thirteen thousand specimens and photographs of cryptogams were mounted on sheets. These were filed in the herbarium cases by Curator Drouet. More than three thousand duplicate cryptogams were distributed to other institutions and individuals in exchanges. Approximately thirty-six thousand specimens and type photographs were mounted and distributed in the phanerogamic herbarium. More than eight thousand specimens of ferns and flowering plants were sent in exchange to other institutions and individuals. From its large collections of negatives of type and historical specimens of American plants in European herbaria the Department of Botany sold and sent in exchange during the year more than six thousand prints to other institutions and to botanists for study purposes. Accessions— Botany Several important additions to the phanerogamic herbarium were made during the year. The most noteworthy of these are: the herbarium of Johns Hopkins University containing more than 7,000 ferns and flowering plants and about 2,600 cryptogams (received as a gift through the efforts of Chief Curator Just); 2,788 plant specimens from Dr. William C. Ohlendorf (gift); 1,987 plants of Hawaii from Research Associate Sherff (gift) ; 1,874 plant specimens from the University of Illinois, Chicago (gift) ; 2,300 plant specimens of southern Mexico from Dr. Margery Carlson (purchase); 1,256 type photographs from the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, 47 SanliaKo. (^'liilt' ('exchaiiKt'i ; "j.Kil plain spcviinens from the Kscuela A^n'c-ola I'anainericana, 'I'oKuciKMlpa, Honduras (exc-hanjiC) ; 3,755 plant spet'inu'ns of Kurope and I*araj:iiay from Missouri Botanical Garden (exchanKei ; 1,077 plant sj)ecimens of South Africa and Ijower California from the I'niversity of California (exchange); and I, (117 phiiil specimens of Sweden from Xaturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, collected by Dr. (iunnar Samuelsson (exchange). In addition lo material (•oIlecte wood specimens were received as a pift from the Natural Resources Section, Division of Forestry. San Francisco. Exhibits— Botany A noteworthy addition lo the synoptic exhibit of flowering plant families in Martin A. and Carrie Ryerson Hall (Hall 29, Life Plant) is a reproduction of a ginger lily (Hcdychium Gardnerianum) from India, a showy member of the Ginger family with fragrant golden yellow flowers in large terminal spikes. A flowering stem of powdery thalia, a tall aquatic or marsh herb native of .semitropical America, was added during the year to the adjacent exhibit of the ArrowToot family {Marautnccae). Both models were made by Kmil Sella, Curator of Fxhibits, with the a.ssistance of Samuel H. Grove, Jr., Artist-Preparator, and P'rank Boryca, Preparator. Real progreSvS was made in the rearrangement and reconditioning of the exhibits in Hall 29. A total of thirty-four families was reinstalled, in some instances partial restoration being nece.ssary. Two exhibition cases were rebuilt by Pre|)arator Mathias Dones to provide greater depth. In Charles F. Millspaugh Hall iHall 26, Xorth American Trees) several new reproductions were installed. Of the.se, branches of red ash iFraximis), .sugar maple (Acer), white oak (Quercus), American elm (rhnns), and hackberry ((V//nsi were prepared by Artist-Preparator Milton Copulos and Preparator Boryca. Included in the series is a branch of wild black cherry iPninus) assembled by Artist-Preparator Grove. Collecting of suitable living material for the preparation of these exhibits was facilitated by the generous assistance of Clarence E. Godshalk, Director, and F. lyowell Kammerer, Arboriculturist, of the Morton Arboretum. 48 Department of Geology Research and Expeditions In conjunction with the studies of meteorites, Robert K. Wyant, Curator of Economic Geology, made detailed quantitative chemical analyses of one iron (Smithonia) and three stone (Pantar, Paragould, and Potter) meteorites and determined the mineralogical composition of the stone meteorites from the bulk chemical analyses. He also made physical and chemical examinations of forty-seven carbonate and silicate rocks from the Museum's collections. In collaboration with Curator Wyant, Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator, completed the descriptive, metallographical, and petrographical studies of the four meteorites and made further studies of the Benld and La Porte meteorites. The results of the studies of La Porte and Smithonia were published by the Museum during the year. Papers on the other four meteorites will be ready for the press early in 1951. The exciting discovery of Early Cretaceous mammals in northern Texas in November, 1949, by a Museum party was made known in last year's Annual Report. Since then Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fossil Mammals, has completed a paper on the specimens collected, which has been scheduled to appear early in 1951. In addition. Curator Patterson continued his work on the latest Eocene or earliest Oligocene mammals of trans-Pecos Texas. He also completed the first draft of a paper with Dr. Albert Elmer Wood, of Amherst College, on the earliest South American Tertiary rodents. Curator Patterson's studies on the auditory regions of the edentates, in collaboration with Dr. Walter Segall, of Northwestern University, have progressed satisfactorily during the year. Dr. Rainer Zangerl, Curator of Fossil Reptiles, worked primarily on a revision of the turtles of the family Toxochelyidae, a complicated, time-consuming undertaking that is now nearing completion. Curator Zangerl also continued his studies on the comparative morphology of the turtle shell and on the reclassification of this order of reptiles. Dr. Robert H. Denison, Curator of Fossil Fishes, continued his study of the Late Devonian fresh-water fishes of the Rocky Moun- tain states. Work on the armored placoderm Bothriolepis has been completed, and the various lobe-finned fishes and lung fishes that inhabited the same streams and estuaries are now occupying his attention. In addition Curator Denison has prepared a large portion of the Early Devonian fishes from Utah and has begun a study of one of the groups of jawless ostracoderms, the Heterostraci. 49 ^'iN ^ George L.ingford, Curator of Fossil Plants, collects plant nodules near Wilmington. Eugene S. Richardson, Jr., Curator of P'o.ssil Inverlebrate.s, has been occupied chiefly in identifying, checking, and .selecting speci- mens for the new exhibits of invertebrate fossils and fo.s.sil plants for Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall (Hall 37, P^os.sil Invertebrates and Fo.s.sil Plants). He al.so spent considerable time writing the general labels and ca.se headings for the.se exhibits. Several months were devoted to reidentifying and checking the specimens purchased from the Hovey Mu.seum at Wabash College. He also identified the fo.ssils collected in 1949 from the Ordovician and Devonian rocks of New York by Chief Curator Roy. George Langford, Curator of Fo.ssil Plants, who for the past several years has been engaged in pre[)aring a comprehensive account of the flora and fauna of the Pennsylvanian deposits near Wilmington, Will County, Illinois, completed his manuscript early this year. It consists of the descriptions and illu.strations of 550 species of fossil plants and 110 species of the fauna, chiefly invertebrates. This 50 may be regarded as a remarkable total to be recovered from a single deposit. Since completing his monograph, Curator Langford has been busy identifying the Mesozoic and Cenozoic fossil plants recently collected in the Gulf region. Curators Patterson and Zangerl conducted an expedition, under- taken in collaboration with the Texas Memorial Museum, to northern Texas during April, May, and June. Curator Zangerl carried out a general survey of the Early Cretaceous Trinity Group in that region, while Curator Patterson concentrated his work at the locality from which mammals had been obtained in 1949. The remains of the mammals and of the infinitely more numerous fishes, amphibians, and reptiles occur sporadically in a bed of poorly consolidated sand some twelve to eighteen inches thick. The sand breaks down readily in water and it was therefore decided to attempt washing operations on a fairly large scale. Some sorting of the coarsest grade was possible in the field, but the finer grades had to be brought back to the Museum and sorted under a binocular microscope in the laboratory, a task that is still in progress. It proved possible to process some tons of sand by this means. Several specimens of the extremely rare mammals were detected in the field and additional fragments have since been found in the laboratory, together with gratifying numbers of frogs and lizards. The majority of the mammals are triconodonts of the same Among the fossil plant specimens collected near Wilmington, Illinois, were found a few relatively rare scorpions, spiders, myriapods, and shrimp-like arthropods. 51 speoies as those found in 1919, but at least one, reprettably very incomplete, api)ears to be referable to the ^roup from which it is believed nearly all livin^r mammals have descendcMJ. Curator Zan^'erl left for Alabama during the latter j>art of August to complete the excavation of a large sea turtle, previously discovered and partially colle<*te^sistant Curator Wenzel spent .several weeks early in the year in the examination of types and in other studies of histerid beetles at eastern mu.seums. As in former years Research A.ssociate Charles H. Seevers devoted spare time to study of the rove-beetles or Staphylinidae and con- tributed much time to the arrangement of the collections. Eugene Ray, of Wells High School, Chicago, temporary assistant at the Mu.seum during the .summer, gave his attention to the family Mordel- lidae, on which he has published a number of papers. Dr. Sidney Camras, a Chicago physician, spent considerable time in studying the Mu.seum's collection of the big-headed flies, Conopidae. Harry Xel.son, of Herzl Junior College, Chicago, studied the beetle family Dryopidae and increased and improved the Mu.seum's collection of this interesting group. In the Division of Lower Invertebrates the identification of the new material received during the year and the recla.s.sification of the Webb Collection (purcha.sed in 1943) produced various minor re.search papers by Dr. Fritz Haas. Curator. Miss Margaret G. Bradbury, Artist, by the preparation of scientific drawings to illustrate technical publications gave important aid to the research programs in .several Divisions. During the year there were expeditions in the field in Borneo, Colombia, Bermuda, and, at the end of the year. West Africa, together with field work by the staff in various parts of the United 56 The Division of Fishes is now housed in new quarters on the ground floor. Left: storage range, showing mezzanine and dumb-waiter. Right: library, with map case. States. Philip Hershkovitz, Assistant Curator of Mammals, con- tinued his mammalogical survey of Colombia, working mainly from a base established at Medellin. Though hampered by disturbed political conditions and by adverse weather, he accumulated more than one thousand specimens of mammals representing about ninety species. Late in the year headquarters were transferred to Bogota. The expedition to Borneo, conducted by Curator Davis, who was accompanied by Assistant Curator Inger, left the Museum in March and returned in October. Headquarters were established at Sanda- kan, British North Borneo, which gave direct access to extensive areas of tropical rain-forest. The primary aim of the expedition was to gather information on the habits, behavior, and general ecological relations of the vertebrate life of the rain-forest. Extensive notes, supplemented by motion pictures and still photographs, stomachs of specimens preserved for food analysis, and various anatomical preparations will form the basis for detailed studies in the Museum 57 laboratories. Records were made of rainfall, temperature, and humidity in the rain-forest; and the ecolo^Mcal structure of the forest in which the animals live and to which they are adapted was studied and recorded. A stvondary aim of the e.xpedition was to collect a rej)resentation of the fauna of Borneo to be used for com- parison in studying the collections made by the Philippine Islands Zoological K.xpedition of 1!M») 17. The expedition to Borneo col- iecteti more than three hundred mammals, nearly five hundred birds, several hundred re{)tiles and amphibians, and several thousand fishes and invertebrates (including' insects i. On the way to and from Xortli Borneo stops were made at Singapore, Kuchinp, Paris, and London to study material in museums and other institutions. Taxidermist Leon L. Walters and Assistant Taxidermist Ronald J. Lambert made a field trip to the Gulf states for material for exhibits of turtles. Specimens of turtles, especially a fine livinjj alligator snapper, accessory material and notes, and colored photographs of habitats were obtained. They worked especially at New Orleans and at Beachton, Georgia, where they enjoyed the generous hospi- tality of Herbert L. Stoddard, former member of the Museum staff. Curator Pope collected salamanders and other amphibians and reptiles in Arkansas and Oklahoma for the Division of Reptiles. Chief Curator Schmidt consulted with herpetologists in Te.xas in April on the occasion of his lecture at Rockport and seized various occasions to collect amphibians and reptiles while he was in Ger- many. Assistant Curator Inger, aided by Miss Laura Brodie and by other staff members, continued the marking and observation of The floor of tlic rain-forest in North Borneo teems with bloodtliirsty bnd leeches. The slender leech is searching for a meal: the bloated one is filled with blood. 58 blue racers in the Indiana dunes area. For the Division of Lower Invertebrates Curator Haas, accompanied by Joseph B. KrstoHch, Artist, again visited Bermuda to work from the Bermuda Biological Station for Research in the interests of the exhibition program. Curator Haas combined collecting and study of the fresh-water and brackish-water mollusks of the islands. It is essential to make such studies now because, since the marshes of Bermuda are being drained and converted into arable land, the whole animal community in question is likely to become extinct very soon. Noel Burlang, of Hamilton, Bermuda, who is well informed on the physical geography of the islands, gave effective aid in these studies. Especial mention may be made of an activity that operates as an effective aid to research, exhibition, and public service. The file of animal photographs in the Department of Zoology, the reorganization of which has been continued by Miss Brodie, consists of approximately five thousand mounted photogi'aphs and repro- ductions housed in eight steel files and indexed so that any illustra- tion can be located at a moment's notice. In addition there are twenty-five albums of photographs taken by various Museum expeditions (sixteen albums of animal photographs have not yet been transferred to the new system). In 1950 approximately seven hundred photographs and five hundred animal pictures clipped from magazines were mounted, including nearly two hundred new photographs that were added during the year. The file consists chiefly of animal portraits, but a special effort is being made to preserve photographs representing documentary records of animal behavior. The usefulness of the file is shown by the fact that it was consulted by more than one hundred persons during 1950. Accessions— Zoology The major accession of specimens for the year was the acquisition by the will of the late Boardman Conover, Research Associate in the Division of Birds since 1924, of his entire collection of more than 18,000 game birds. Game birds are mainly of medium or large size and are correspondingly difficult to prepare in the field. For this reason the Conover Collection forms a complement of major importance to the Museum's research collections of birds. Other gifts of special importance are: 481 birds, 301 mammals (in addition to unaccessioned material), 56 amphibians, and 321 reptiles of Egypt and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan from the Museum's Field Associate, Harry Hoogstraal; 39 birds and 26 mammals from the 59 Chicago Zoological Society: 1 l)ini ami 11 mammals from the Lincoln Park Zoo; '2^u hinls from Dr. William ('. OhU'ndorf; S'.l Ijirds from Richard K. Tashian: a spocinu^n of the rare ("on^o peacock from the Xew York Zoolo^ii'al Socieiy; \'-V2 specimens of bats of Kenya and I'ganda from Walther iUichen; and 100 bats of Angola from the Companhia de Diamantes. Important ^nfls of amphibians and re|)tiles included ;')! amphibians and fil reptiles of Patajionia from Princeton University ; 21() fro^s of the Philippine Islands from Dr. William 11. Stickel; 20 snakes from Dr. Mduardo \'az, of the In- slituto liutantan. Sao Paulo, Bra/.il: 112 .salamanders of Arizona from Dr. Charles A. Reed; 211 amphibians of South Carolina from Mi.ss Brodie and Mi.ss Bradi)ury, of the staff; and 21 amphibians and 72 reptiles from Harvey M. Gold.schmidt. The principal jiifts of fishes were i)5 specimens of fishes of the family Clinidae, of which 55 are paratypes, from Dr. Clark Hubbs, and !>2 specimens from the John (i. Shedd Acjuarium. Notable gifts of insects, in which mounted and determined material was especially important, further enriched the collections of insects. Field Associate Hoogstraal gave 6,802 specimens from various parts of the world, including nearly 5,000 mo.squitoes from the United States, Xew Guinea, and the Philippines; A.ssistant Curator Dybas gave 3,456 specimens collected in the Xew World tropics and in the Pacific i.slands; Dr. C. Andresen Hubbard gave 206 specimens of 86 species of fleas, of which 20 are paratypes; and Major Robert Traub gave 69 fleas, inclufling 40 types, from Mexico and Melanesia. Mollusk specimens continue to flow to the Division of Lower In- vertebrates. The more notable gifts include 191 marine shells from Dr. Jeanne S. Schwengel, who has contributed .systematically to the collection in former years; a collection of 217 Amazonian mol- lusks from Dr. Harald Sioli; and a collection of 550 lots of marine shells, mostly from the Pacific coast of the United States, from Mrs. Charlotte Doty, of Chicago. Exhibits— Zoology Exhibition programs for most Divisions in the Department of Zoology are now directed toward explanatory or illustrative cases intended to show what is interesting or remarkable or biologically important about the animal forms placed on exhibition in previous years. In the Division of Mammals the existing labels for exhibits were sur- veyed by Curator Sanborn and many were revi.sed or corrected. The acquisition of a new-born hippopotamus early in the year 60 Loren P. Woods, Curator of Fishes, and Robert F. Inger, Assistant Curator, collect blind and white fishes, crustaceans, flatworms, insects, and spiders in Wild Cat Cave, Crawford County, Indiana. Photograph by George F. Jackson, of Evansville. enabled Taxidermist Walters to make the necessary molds for the future preparation of a baby hippo. A special case at the end of the Hall of Whales (Hall N-1) presents salient facts about the anatomy of whales. A mounted skeleton of a porpoise shows the vestiges of the hind limbs, the transformation of the forelimbs into paddles, and the multiplication of teeth and their reduction to a uniform series. Models point out that the most essential charac- teristic of water-inhabiting animals is streamlining. The row of seven hairs on each side of the snout in a porpoise embryo marks it as a mammal (not a fish) quite as sharply as does the suckling of the young by the mother porpoise. Other models show how whales breathe and their division into two contrasting types, those that have teeth and feed on large prey and those with a baleen or whale- bone strainer by means of which they sieve relatively small animal food from the sea. Models and illustration, planned by Curator Davis, are by Artist Krstolich. The systematic presentation of birds of the world in Boardman Conover Hall (Hall 21) is being supplemented by cases dealing with more general topics. A case with the heading "Young Birds: Their 61 Development" shows the pret-ocial type of develoijment of the bob- white, in which the hatchiin^ binl is able to follow its mother from the nest: the altric-ial type, in which the baby bird is halche Kaukasien . . .) lebenden Binnenconchylieyi, 7 pts. (1886-90) Winckler, E., Geschichte der Botanik (1854) SERIALS Acta Zoologica, v. 1-7 (1920-36) African affairs, journal of the Royal African Society, v. 1-6 (1901-7), v. 39 — (1940—) Anatomischer Anzeiger; Centralblatt fUr die gesamte wissenschaftliche anatomic, Bd. 89, Hft. 19/21, 23/24 (1940), Bd. 90-95 (1940-48), Bd. 96, 97, Hft. 1/9 (1949) Arbeiten uber physiologische und angewandte Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, V. 1-11 (1934-44) Archaeology; a magazine dealing with the antiquity of the world, v. 1 — (1948 — ) AustralcLsian herbarium news, no. 1 — (1947 — ) Berlin. Deutsches Entomologisches Museum. Supplemenia entomologica. Herausgegeben und redigiert von Walther Horn, no. 1-17 (1912-29) Cuadernos Americatios, v. 1 — (1942 — ) Entomological Society of British Columbia. Proceedings, no. 2, 1901 — ; no. 6, 1915; no. 8, 1916—; v. 46, 1950 . Quarterly Bulletin, nos. 1-10 (1906-8) Entomological Society of Southern Africa. Journal, v. 1-10 (1939-48) Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlen, nos. 1-10 (1934-43) 66 SERIALS (continued) Gegetibaurs morphoIo(jii:chcs Jahrbuch, eine ZeiUchriJl fiir Anatomie iind Entu'ickhnigsgei^chichte, v. 27-32, 39-52, 55, 59, 67-69, 73-75, 81, 83 (1899-1923, 1926, 1928, 1931 32, 1933-35, 1938, 1939) Geologists' Association, London. Proceedings, v. 13-32 (1895-1921) Insecta; revue illustree d'entomologie, v. 1-13 (1911-24) Linnean Society of London. Transactions, v. 20, pts. 2-3 (1847, 1851); v. 21; V. 23-24; v. 26, pts. 1-3 (1869) Madrid. Institute Espaiiol de Entomologia. Eos, v. 1 — (1925 — ) Miinchener Entomologischer Verein. Mitteilungen, v. 1-5 (1877-81) Palaeontographica, Abt. A: Palaozoologie-Stratigraphie, v. 81-99 (1934-50) and continuation , Abt. B: Palciophytologie, v. 79-88 (1934-48) and continuation , supplement (1934-41) and continuation Palaeontologia Polonica, tome 1, 2 (1929 32), tome 3 (1948) Palcoyitologischc Zeitschrift, v. 1-21 (1914-39) Royal Dublin Society. The scientific transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, ser. II, V. 1-9 (1877-1909) Societe Zoologique de France. Mcmoires de la Societc Zoologique de France, V. 1-16 (1888-1903) ON PERMANENT LOAN FROM JOHN CRERAR LIBRARY Deutsche Entomohgische Zeitschrift, v. 3-24 (1859-80), v. 26-30 (1882-86), V. 31-75 (1887-1933) Wiener Entomohgische Zeitung, v. 1-50 (1882-1933) PUBLIC RELATIONS The Museum again acknowledges its debt to the newspapers of Chicago and to the national press, press wire-services, and periodical publications for splendid co-operation in giving generous space to news of its activities. Several times a week, both locally and over the country, reminders were printed that kept the public aware of the existence of the Museum, the scope of its exhibits and research, and the current events on its expeditions, in its laboratories, and in its lectures and other educational programs. During the year the Public Relations Counsel released 254 news stories directly to the press. This publicity was augmented in various ways: by issuing advance proofs of principal stories to be published in the Museum Bulletin, by follow-up assignments made to reporters and photographers by newspaper editors upon receipt of Museum releases, and by co-operation of the Museum and the publicity divisions of other organizations in enterprises that would bring mutually valuable notice in the press. The large metropolitan dailies were not the only targets of Museum publicity. Additional notice was received through releases to a special list of several 67 hun(lrelliOIIIT TO COMHITIlT mot»fNOIHT ID * Hw wflnl 0» -0»'M5 TM«» MCOr*( »ull C»0«r» 68 both radio and television by the Columbia Broadcasting System, the National Broadcasting Company, and the Mutual Broadcasting System, and radio via American Broadcasting Company. Publicity contacts were maintained between the Museum and its own Members through the news, features, and picture-coverage of the institution's monthly Bulletin. The Bulletin serves also as an exchange medium in the Museum's relations with other scientific and civic institutions and as an additional source of material for the newspapers. Other publicity routines were continued. Thou- sands of folders, as usual, were distributed through co-operating agencies such as hotels, travel bureaus, department stores, civic bureaus, and libraries, and through seven Chicago museums in other fields of science and art. Through the co-operation of the Illinois Central System, Chicago and North Western Railway, the Chicago, Aurora and Elgin Railroad, and the Chicago Transit Authority, posters were displayed in railway stations and on suburban trains to advertise the Museum's lecture courses for adults and the Ray- mond Foundation programs for children. PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION The Division of Photography made during the year a total of 16,100 negatives, prints, enlargements, lantern slides, and transparencies for the Museum, other institutions, the press, and general sales. More than 107,000 negatives are now in the files. Douglas E. Tibbitts, Staff Illustrator, prepared for the depart- ments and divisions of the Museum drawings, lettering, and other art work that amounted to a total of approximately 165 separate pieces of finished work by the end of the year. Silk-screen printing apparatus was added to the equipment of his office for rapid duplica- tion of designs in color, thereby increasing the scope of his work. MOTION PICTURES After being in production for nearly two years the Museum's motion- picture film "Through These Doors" (changed from the temporary title "Treasure House") was completed and plans were worked out for its distribution. The first showing of this film was before the annual conference of the Museums Association (Great Britain) in Aberdeen, Scotland. The following week it was shown to the scientific staff of the British Museum (Natural History) and at a later date to the members of the Natural History Section of the International Council of Museums, whose biennial conference was held in London. Complimentary reports were received from the three showings. The subject matter, especially the techniques illustrated, proved of ^reat interest to these audiences. Durinp the coming year it is anticipated that many organizations will avail themselves of the opportunity to .see this film for a better under- standing of the Mu.seum's work in scientific, educational, and public services. In addition, one motion-picture was i)roduced from material in the Museum's film library. Such films are u.sed in the schools and by other interested organizations. At the recjuest of the Department of Anthropology the Division of Motion Pictures participated in the Mu.seum's archaeological expedition to the Southw^est. A total of 2.2()() feet of color film was e.xpo.sed during a period of five weeks in the field, and this material is now being edited into a new film that will tell the .story of the Mu.seum's work in liiat area over a period of years. The new film will replace one made three years ago, although .some scenes from the old film will be incorporated into the new one. Color tran.s- parencies and motion-picture records of various natural-history .sub- jects were made for the .scientific departments of the Mu.seum to u.se both in re.search problems and as visual aids. This work has become an important function of the Division of Motion Pictures. PUBLICATIONS AND PRINTING The publications of the Museum were generou.sly distributed during 1950 to institutions and scientists. Ninety-five new names were added to the mailing lists, and a total of 17,704 copies of publica- tions was distributed to domestic anrl foreign exchanges. Sales totaled 3,909 copies in the Scientific Series, 10,266 in the Popular Series, and 26,827 copies of mi.scellaneous publications, such as guides, handbooks, memoirs, and technique papers (.see page 90). For future .sales and other distribution an additional 11,196 copies of publications were wrapped, labeled, and stored. The Mu.seum Press i.ssued during the year fifteen titles in the Scientific Series of publications, one in the Popular Series, two in the Memoirs Series, one Annual Report, and one reprint. The total number of copies printed was 32,569, of which 31,669 copies were printed by letterpre.ss, with a total of 1,748 pages of type composi- tion, and 900 copies were printed by the Vari-type offset process, with a total of 113 pages by Vari-type composition. Twelve numbers of Chicago Natural History Mu.seum BuUrtiv were printed, averaging 70 6,000 copies an issue. Other work by letterpress included posters, price lists, lecture schedules, Museum labels, post cards, Museum stationery, and specimen tags, totaling 1,012,540 impressions. Two series of Museum Stories for Children (Raymond Foundation) and miscellaneous work were printed by the Vari-type-offset process, with a total of 197,802 impressions. A list of titles in the publications series issued in 1950 by Chicago Natural History Museum Press follows: DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY Braidwood, Robert J. Prehistoric Men, Popular Series, Anthropology, no. 37, 117 pages, 37 text figures (reprint) Martin, Paul S., and John B. Rixaldo Turkey Foot Ridge, A MogoUon Village, Pine Lawn Valley, Western New Mexico, Fieldiana: Anthropology, vol. 38, no. 2, 164 pages, 65 text figures Sites of the Reserve Phase, Pine Lawn Valley, Western New Mexico, Fieldiana: Anthropology, vol. 38, no. 3, 178 pages, 78 text figures Rinaldo, John B. An Analysis of Culture Change in the Ackmen-Lowry Area, Fieldiana: Anthro- pology, vol. 36, no. 5, 14 pages, 2 text figures DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY CUATRECASAS, JoSE Contributions to the Flora of South America: Studies on Andean Compositae — /, Studies in South American Plants — //, Fieldiana: Botany, vol. 27, no. 1, 113 pages, 12 text figures Macbride, J. Francis Natural Landscapes of the United States, Popular Series, Botany, no. 27, 47 pages, 31 text figures, 6 maps Flora of Peru, Botanical Series, vol. 12, part 3, no. 3, 221 pages DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY Olson, Everett Claire The Temporal Region of the Permian Reptile Diadectes, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 10, no. 9, 15 pages, 6 text figures Richardson, Eugene S., Jr. A Middle Devonian Octactinellid Sponge from New York, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 10, no. 10, 10 pages, 5 text figures Roy, Sharat Kumar, and Robert Kriss Wyant The Smithonia Meteorite, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 7, no. 9, 6 pages, 4 text figures The La Porte Meteorite, Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 7, no. 10, 10 pages, 9 text figures 71 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Blake, Emmet R. Report on a Collection of Birds from Guerrero, Mexico, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 39, 19 pages Report on a CoUection of Birds from Ooxaca, Mexico, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 40, 25 pages Birds of the Acary Mountains, Southern British Guiana, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 32, no. 7, 59 pages CONOVER, BOARDMAN A Study of the Spotted Tinamous, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 37, 24 pages A Study of the Elegant Tinamous, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 38, 12 pages Liu, Ch'eng-chao Amphibians of Western China, Fieldiana: Zoology Memoirs, vol. 2, 423 pages, 11 plates, 100 text figures Traub, Robert Siphonaptera, from Central America and Mexico, Fieldiana: Zoology Memoirs, vol. 1, 238 pages, 54 text figures Sanborn, Colin Campbell, and A. J. Nicholson Bats from New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands, and New Hebrides, Fieldiana: Zoology, vol. 31, no. 36, 26 pages, 4 text figures, 1 map ADMINISTRATIVE PUBLICATIONS Report of the Director to the Board of Trustees for the Year 19^9, 140 pages, 26 illustrations CO-OPERATION WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS Through interhbrary loans the resources of the Library of the Museum were available to other institutions and, as in past years, the laboratories and research collections of the Museum were open to visiting scientists. The Museum continued its co-operative educational plans with the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, Antioch College, and the Art Institute of Chicago. Art students constantly use the Museum exhibits as source materials for sketching, modeling, and design. These students, who come in supervised classes from the various art schools in Chicago, range in age from children of six years to adults. Their quiet earnest- ness as they work in the Museum halls attracts the attention of many visitors. Represented are the Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago Academy of Fine Arts, Academy of Applied Art, and the Institute of Design. Greatest in number are the students from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Many of these classes come regularly, and their interpretations of the natural history of the 72 world are unique and interesting. Selected examples of their work form a special exhibit in Stanley Field Hall of the Museum for one month each summer. Another type of adult student who comes to the Museum in supervised classes is the teacher-in-training. As future teachers these students, in education classes from several universities and colleges in the Chicago area (Roosevelt College, Pestalozzi-Froebel Teachers College, National College of Education, and De Paul University), are interested in learning how to use the resources of a museum. This instruction for teachers is one of the most hopeful signs of better educational use by the schools of Museum exhibits. Frequent use of Museum exhibits is made by individual students from Roosevelt College, for whom the Museum certifies attendance at the Museum. Unusual student-visitors in the Museum are officers from the Quartermasters Corps of the United States Army, who, although they come especially to see and study spices and food plants, usually become interested in the entire Museum. The co-operative educational plan adopted in 1946 by this Museum and Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio, provides for the temporary employment by the Museum of successive groups of undergraduate students who alternate periods of study on the college campus with periods of work with pay. Under this plan fourteen young men and women were employed in 1950 by the Museum in its scientific depart- ments and administrative offices. A five-3^ear contract for scientific co-operation between the Universidad Autonoma de El Salvador and Chicago Natural History Museum was signed on January 26, 1950. Under the agreement the Museum will send each year to the Instituto Tropical de Investi- gaciones Cientificas of the Universidad Autonoma a botanist, a geologist, and a zoologist for scientific research and exploration. All collections resulting from the contract are available to the Museum, which will, in turn, build representative collections for retention by the Tropical Institute. The results of these studies will be published by the Museum, by the Tropical Institute, or by both. The plan was inaugurated in September with the departure for El Salvador of Dr. Norman C. Fassett, professor of botany on leave from the University of Wisconsin, who will collect and study aquatic plants. The Museum continued to co-operate with Dr. Willard F. Libby, of the Institute for Nuclear Studies, University of Chicago, in his research on carbon-14 dating (see pages 35 and 38). In return for assistance by the Navy Department to the 1949 50 anthropo- logical expedition to Micronesia, Dr. Alexander Spoehr, Curator of 73 SupcrMscd classes from the art schools of Chicago sketch in the Museum's halls. Oceanic Ethnology-, devoted a share of his time in the field as anthropological consultant on administrative problems to the local Navy Civil Administration Unit in the northern Marianas district. He was concerned mainly with land use, owmership, inheritance, and the establishment of a more effective machinery of local self- government among the Chamorros, and recommendations were made for the preservation and care of archaeological sites on Saipan, Tinian, and Rota in connection with the conservation program of the Trust Territory. A research program of studies on the distribu- tion of the mammals of Arkansas involving co-operation with the Department of Zoology of the University of Arkansas has been developed by Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals, during repeated visits to the state of Arkansas. In the fall of 1950 he spent three weeks in the central and southern parts of the state in the interests of this program. Members of the staff continued to lecture before classes and seminars at various universities and to conduct classes at the Mu- seum. Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator of Anthropology, Donald Collier, Curator of South American Ethnology- and Archaeology, and George I. Quimby, Curator of E.xhibits, gave a course at the Museum 74 in New World archaeology for the University of Chicago. During the spring quarter Chief Curator Martin, aided by Dr. John B. Rinaldo, Assistant Curator of Archaeology, held a seminar in South- western archaeology for University of Chicago students. Curator Collier supervised a research course at the Museum on Andean archaeology for graduate students and, with Curator Quimby, gave a course in world ethnology at the University of Chicago. Curator Quimby gave a course in ethnology of North and South America at Northwestern University. Classes in botany from the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, the State University of Iowa, and Valparaiso University visited the Department of Botany at various times during the year and were conducted through the laboratories and herbaria. Dr. Theodore Just, Chief Curator of Botany, held a seminar at North- western University in March on divergent mutation and at the University of Illinois in December on fossil cycads and on fossil floras of the southern hemisphere. He conducted a class in paleo- botany at Northwestern University in the summer session. Dr. Hugh C. Cutler, Curator of Economic Botany, lectured at the University of Illinois on culture and foods of the Andes and held a seminar on the history of corn and, during the fall, conducted a graduate class in ethnobotany for the University of Chicago. The advanced course in vertebrate paleontology offered by the University of Chicago was, as in former years, held at the Museum. During the course Dr. Rainer Zangerl, Curator of Fossil Reptiles, lectured on protorosaurians, nothosaurs, and turtles, and Dr. Robert H. Denison, Curator of Fossil Fishes, on primitive fishes. Curator Zangerl discussed the function of comparative anatomy in evalua- tion of structural characters at a symposium in physical anthropology at the University of Chicago, and Curator Denison gave two lectures on the origin and early history of the chordates before a class in biological sciences. Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fossil Mammals, spoke before the graduate class in physical anthropology at the University of Chicago on variation in animals and the principles of taxonomy. By invitation he visited the University of California, Berkeley, in October to hold seminars and to participate in a sym- posium on continental drift. Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator of Zoology, as Lecturer in the Department of Zoology at the University of Chicago, took part in the exchange of faculty between the University of Chicago and the University of Frankfort, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany, where he was in residence from late April to the last day of July. In addition 75 to a seminar for a(lvance. Dwijzht Davis, Curator of Verte- brate Anatomy, was appointed Lecturer in Zoology at the University of Chicago, and in March delivered a lecture at a symposium on the evaluation of characters in classification and evolution. Scientists from other institutions continued to make use of the study collections in the scientific departments of the Mu.seum. Georges Henri Riviere, A.ssociate General Director of the Inter- national Council of Mu.seums, visited the Museum in January and conferred with the Director, Chief Curator Martin, and Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator of Geology. Dr. Guy Stresser-Pean, of Paris, spent two days looking over the Mexican collections in the Depart- ment of Anthropology in preparation for a year's ethnological work among the Huastec Indians. He also consulted with the Department of Botany concerning food plants of the Huastec. Mrs. Kamer Aga-Oglu, of the Mu.>^eum of Anthropology of the University of Michigan, spent six weeks in the Museum examining the Hester Collection of Chinese ceramics from the Philippines. She made important additions to the catalogue of this collection and selected type specimens for photogi'aphing. Dr. Sigurd P>ixon, of the Institute of Folk Life Investigation, Nordic Mu.seum, Stockholm, and Dr. Ake Campbell, of the Folk Culture Archive, University Library, University of Upp.sala, studied exhibits, consulted with Curators Collier and Quimby on the nature of anthroplogical studies in the United States, and received assistance in as.sembling data on American Indian hou.ses, wooden utensils, and foods. Many visiting botanists u.sed the Mu.seum's botanical collections and laboratories. Dr. Edgar Ander.-^on, of Mi.N.souri Botanical Garden, studied in the herbaria: Dr. S. A. Cain, of Cranbrook Institute, studied ferns of Michigan; Hugh litis, of Missouri Botanical 76 The Raymond Foundation held a one-day course on natural history of the Chicago region for forty-three supervisors and instructors of the Chicago Park District. Garden, identified his palm collection from Central America; Dr. Duane Isely, of Iowa State College, studied legumes; Professor D wight M. Moore, University of Arkansas, ferns of Arkansas; Dr. Robert W. Schery, Missouri Botanical Garden, legumes; and Dr. Eula Whitehouse, Southern Methodist University, cryptogams. The collections and facilities of the laboratories in vertebrate paleontology were used by several investigators, among whom were Professor Claude W. Hibbard and John Dorr, Jr., of the University of Michigan; Dr. Charles A. Reed, of the University of Illinois; Dr. Walter Segall, of Northwestern University; and Walter Wheeler, of Yale University. Miss Suzanne Leclerque, professor of paleontology at the University of Liege in Belgium, came to the Museum in the spring to examine the study collection of fossil plants. Dr. Roland Brown, paleobotanist at the United States Geological Survey, visited the Museum in the fall to study the collection of Paleoxyris from the Pennsylvanian deposits near Wilmington, Illinois, and the fossil plants collected in the Gulf regions. 77 Many scientists from other institutions useakes with Loren P. Woods, (\n-alor of Fishes. Brief visits for study were made by Dr. Ale.xander Wetmore, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution; William H. Phelps, of Caracas, Venezuela; Dr. James P. Chapin and Dr. C. H. H. Tate, of the American Museum of Xatural History; Reverend A. 1. (iood, of Wooster, Ohio; Dr. Robert Storer, of the University of Michigan; Harold Hanson, of the Illinois Xatural History Survey; Dr. Arthur C. Twomey, of the Carnegie Museum; Dr. P. 1'.. Vanzolini, of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Dr. L. M. Klauber, of San Diego, California; and Richard Spieler, f)f Rochester, Xew York. Among those using the laboratory and collections of the Division of Anatomy were Dr. K. L. Du Brul, of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Dr. Waldemar Meister, of the Chicago College of Osteopathy, and Dr. Robert L. Miller, of the University of Chicago. Leon R. Aboulafia, who holds a fellowship from the Biological Institute of the Teachers Seminary at Tel Aviv, I.srael, arrived at the Museum in June to study the techniques of museum e.xhibition and organization, with this Museum as his principal ho.st. At the end of the year I). S. Rabor, of Silliman University, Dumaguete, Xegros Lsland, John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellow from the Philippine Islands, came to the Museum. He had been contributing collections of vertebrates from Xegros and other islands of the Philippines since his participation in the Mu.^^eum's e.\i)eflition to the Philippines in 1946 47 under Harry Hoogstraal, P'ield A.s.sociate. It is hoped that he may be able to prepare hand- books for use in the Phili[)pines, especially in university classes, by working with the Mu.seum stafT and by reviewing the Philippines material in the Museum's collections. Students working independently or under the direction of a university or college have made good use of the e.xhibit,s and study collections in African ethnology and physical anthropology. Several students specializing in studies of Angola (Portuguese West Africa) have found the Mu.seum exhibits particularly helpful. Assi.stant Curator Rinaldo supervised graduate students from the University of Chicago who were making a study of wood and fiber artifacts 78 of the Mogollon culture. Graduate students in zoology of the University of Chicago who are engaged in studies at the Museum are Robert F. Inger (of the staff), under the direction of Chief Curator Schmidt; Robert Sokol and Ronald Ward, under the direction of Alfred E. Emerson, Research Associate in Insects; and William J. Beecher and Robert Smolker, under the direction of Curator Davis. Other special activities of staff members included lectures before general groups and radio talks. Assistant Curator Rinaldo gave a movie-lecture on Southwestern archaeology before the Earth Science Club of northern Illinois; Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Associate Curator of the Herbarium, talked before the Barrington Women's Club, Chicago Aquarium Society, Conservation Council, and Men's Garden Club of Mundelein and Liberty ville; Harry E. Changnon, Curator of Exhibits in Geology, addressed the Chicago Lapidary Club; Chief Curator Schmidt lectured before the spring seminar of the Texas Game, Fish, and Oyster Commission in Rockport; Curator Davis talked on his recent expedition to Borneo at the annual dinner of the employees of the Chicago Zoological Society; and Dr. Austin L. Rand, Curator of Birds, discussed the Museum's exhibit of bird eggs and nests over radio station WJJD (Chicago). Curator Rand was invited to accompany a group from the Armour Livestock Bureau on an air-tour of the northwestern states to study urgent conservation problems. Rupert L. Wenzel, Assistant Curator of Insects, and Curator Sanborn attended the Fifth Army Insect and Rodent Control Conference at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, and Assistant Curator Wenzel addressed the conference on insect control. Dr. R. M. Strong, Research Associate in Anatomy, president of the Illinois Audubon Society, was appointed by Governor Adlai E. Stevenson to the chairmanship of a committee for consultation on problems relating to the Illinois Beach State Park near Waukegan. Associate Curator Steyermark was named a member of the committee. ACTIVITIES OF STAFF MEMBERS IN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator of Anthropology, attended the annual meetings of the American Anthropological Association held in December in Berkeley, California, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Department of Anthropology at the University of California and presented a paper on "The South- western Co-Tradition." With Dr. John B. Rinaldo, Assistant 79 riirator of Arrhaeolojiy, and Miss Klaine Hluhm. Assistant in ArchacH)Iopy, he attended the Pecos Conferenre on Southwestern arc-haeolo)iy at the Museum of Xorlhern Arizona in Fla^'stalF in August. Donald Colher, Curator of South American Kthnolojfy and Archaeology, attended the annual meeting of the Division of Anthropology and Psychology of the Xational Research Council. He presented papers at the symposium on technicjues in archaeology and tiie seminar on physical anthropology held by the Viking Fund, Inc., in Xew ^'ork in March and June, respectively. He continued to .serve as a inomher of the Committee on Carbon-14 Dating of the American Anthropological Association and the (ieological ."society of America and as a representative of the American Anthropological A.s.sociation to the Division of Anthropology and Psychology of the National Re.search Council. He is a member of the e.xecutive committee of tlie Xational Re.search Council and .second vice- president of the Society for American Archaeology. George I. Quimby. Curator of Kxhibits, attended in May the joint annual meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, of which he is .secretary, and the Central States Branch of the American Anthropo- logical A.s.sociation at the University of Oklahoma, Xorman. Dr. Theodore Just, Chief Curator of Botany, attended the meeting of the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralo- gists in Chicago in April and read a paper before the .sym|)osium on applied paleobotany. Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, A.s.sociate Curator of the Herbarium, Dr. Karl E. SherfT, Re.search A.s.sociate in Systematic Botany, and Chief Curator Just attended the annual meetings of the American Institute of Biological Sciences in Co- lumbus, Ohio, in September. Chief Curator Just pre.sented papers before the Society for the Study of P2 volution, of which he is .secretary, and the Systematic Section of the Botanical Society of America. During the year he was appointed chairman of the Committee on Paleobotany, Divi.sion of Geology and Geography, of the Xational Research Council. A.s.sociate Curator Steyermark is secretary of the Sy.stematic Section of the Botanical Society of America and .secretary of the Sy.stematic Section of the Society of Plant Taxono- mists. Dr. Francis Drouet, Curator of Cryptogamic Botany, repre- sented the Mu.seum at the Seventh International Botanical Congress held in Stockholm, Sweden, in July and pre.sented a paper. Dr. Jos^ Cuatreca.sas, Curator of Colombian Botany, was appointed corresponding member of the Ecuadorian Institute of Xatural Sciences. Dr. Hanford Tiffany, Re.search Associate in Cryptogamic Botany, is president of the Phycological Society of America. 80 A reproduction of a ginger lily has been added to the plant exhibits in Hall 29. Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Chief Curator of Geology, Robert K. Wyant, Curator of Economic Geology, Bryan Patterson, Curator of Fossil Mammals, Dr. Rainer Zangerl, Curator of Fossil Reptiles, and Dr. Robert H. Denison, Curator of Fossil Fishes, attended the meetings of the Geological Society of America in Washington, D.C., in November. Curators Patterson, Zangerl, and Denison also attended the meetings of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology held con- currently, where Curator Patterson discussed the Early Cretaceous mammals found in northern Texas. Eugene S. Richardson, Jr., Curator of Fossil Invertebrates, and Curator Wyant attended the meetings of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists in Chicago in April. In September Curator Wyant attended the meet- ings of the National Chemical Exposition held also in Chicago. Dr. Fritz Haas, Curator of Lower Invertebrates, presided as president at the annual meeting of the American Malacological Union, which was held in the Museum in June. Colin C. Sanborn, 81 Curator of Mammals, aiiended the meetings of the American Society of Mammalo^nsts in Yellowstone National Park in June and was elected to the society's board of directors. During the year he was elected a member of the Washington Academy of Sciences, Wash- ington, D.C, with the citation. "In recognition of his contributions to systematic zoology, particularly in the classification of the Chiroptera, and faunal studies in South America." Dr. Austin L. Rand, Curator of Birds, attended the meetings of the American Ornithologists' Union in St. Paul an^1lk Jr ^«'V*'. .i>ria ilcinlits, Illinois: 1275 plant sp«'cim»'ns n'xrhariK''^ Chicago Natikai, History Miskim: Collected by Dr. Hunh V. CutU-r (Southwest Botanical Kxpcdition, 1919': ;nJ plant spcciiiifns Ct)llpcted by D. DwiRht Davis and Uobort F. InRor (Borneo ZooloRical Hxpinlition. 1950): 5 plants of North Borneo Collected by Henry S. l)yl)as i South- eastern States Zoological Field Trip, 1949): 113 specimens of fun^i Collected by Paul ('. Stanflley (Middle Central America Botanical Kx- pedition, 1948 50): 30.000 plant speci- mens Purchaitcs: 500 plant specimens Spain: B49 plant specimens Peru; •J. 300 plant specimens southern Nlexico; 200 plant specimens South Africa; 1 15 plant specimens Colombia; 500 plant specimens Formosa and Japan; 126 plant specimens Ignited States, West Indies, Central America, and South America; 573 wood speci- mens— Ecuador CoLEGio Salesiano, Lima, Peru: 60 plant specimens (gift) Colorado, I'niversity of, Mlseim, Boulder: 1 plant specimen and reprint of original description (gift) Cook, Dr. Mkiaii.le T., Baton Rouge, Louisiana: 4 cryptogamic speci- mens (gift) Culberson, William, Cincinnati: 39 cryptogamic specimens (gift) CiMMiNS, Dr. George, Lafayette, Indiana: 1 plant specimen (gift) Cutler, Dr. Hugh C, Chicago: 277 plant specimens, 73 cryptogamic speci- mens (gift) Dahlgren, Dr. B. E., Chicago: 10 plant specimens (gift* Daily, Mrs. Fay K., Indianapolis: 12 plant specimens (gift) Daily, William A., Indianapolis: lis specimens of algae (exchange) Davis, Dr. Jared J., Richland, Washington: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift) DiLLER, Dr. Violet M., Cincinnati: 50 algal cultures (gift) Dominion Botanist, The, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: 25 plant specimens (exchange) Doty, Dk. .\1a\uell S., Evanston, Illinois: 5 cryptogamic specimens, 400 specimens of fungi (gift) Downing, (Ilenn R., Battle Creek, Michigan: 1 plant specimen (gift) Dkockt, Dr. Francis, Chicago: 4 plant sjM'ciniens (gift i Durham. O. C, North Chicago, Illi- nois: 1 plant specimen (gift) Dyhas, Hk.nry S., Chicago: 27 speci- mens of fungi (gift) ESCUEI.A .•\t;KffoLA Panamerkana, Tegucigalpa, Honilurjis: 5,164 plant specimens (exchange) Fassett, Dr. Norman C, Madi.son, Wisconsin: 3 plant specimens (gifti; 78 plant specimens (exchange) F'isHER, (JeoR(;e L., Houston, Texas: 8 specimens of algae (gift) FRif>;NER, Ray C, Indianapolis: 71 cryptogamic specimens (exchange) Fuller, Dr. George D., Springfield, Illinois: 93 plant specimens (exchange) Gaiser, Dr. Lulu O., Cambridge, Ma.s.sachu.setts: 4 plant specimens (gift) Giims, Dr. R. D., Montreal, Quebec, Canada: 2 specimens of algae (gift) GiER, Dr. L. J., Liberty, Mi.s.souri: 46 specimens of algae (gift i Glassman, Dr. Sidney F., Chicago: 31 cryptogamic specimens, 553 plant specimens (gift) Habeeb, Dr. Herbert, Grand Falls, New Brunswick, Canada: 58 crypto- gamic specimens (exchange) Harvard University, Cambridge, Ma.s.sachusetts: 341 plant specimens (gift); 421 plant specimens (exchange) Hatheway, William H., Waialua, Oahu, Hawaii, T.H.: 102 plant speci- mens (gift ) Hermann, Dr. F. J., Beltsville, Maryland: 1 plant specimen (gift) Herter, Dr. W. G., Bern, Switzer- land: 1 plant specimen (gift) HiLDEHRAND. B. G., Brooklyn: 15 wood specimens (exchange) HoDGE, Dr. Walter H., .\mherst, Massachu.setts: 50 plant specimens (ex- change) Ho(;sHEAD, Raymond C, North .Miami, F'lorida: 3 plant specimens (gift) HuMM, Dr. Harold J., Tallaha-s.see, Florida: 1 cryptogamic specimen, 2 specimens of algae (gift) Illinois. University of, Chicago: 1,874 plant specimens (gift) 92 Illinois, University of, Urbana: 14 plant specimens (gift) Illinois State Museum, Spring- field: 92 plant specimens (gift) Iltis, Dr. Hugh, St. Louis: 1 cryp- togamic specimen (gift) Instituto Geobiologico, Porto Alegre, Brazil: 42 plant specimens (ex- change) Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucuman, Argentina: 1 plant specimen (gift); 1,793 plant specimens (exchange) Jardin Botanique, Brussels, Bel- gium: 1 plant specimen (exchange) Johns Hopkins University, Balti- more, Maryland: 7,059 plant specimens, 2,600 cryptogamic specimens (gift) Johnson, Dr. Leslie, Chicago: 3 specimens of fungi (gift) Jones, Dr. G. Neville, Urbana, Illinois: 1 plant specimen (gift) Kelly, Isabel, Mexico, D.F.: 55 plant specimens (gift) Kiener, Dr. Walter, Lincoln, Ne- braska: 508 specimens of algae (gift); 160 specimens of algae (exchange) Levvin, Ralph A., New Haven, Con- necticut: 3 specimens of algae (gift) Lindsey, Dr. Alton A., Lafayette, Indiana: 3 specimens of algae (gift) LOUDERBACK, HaROLD B., ArgO, Illinois: 4 specimens of algae (gift) Macbride, J. Francis, Stanford University, California: 44 plant speci- mens (gift) Madsen, Dr. Grace C, Tallahassee, Florida: 117 specimens of algae (gift) Maldonado, Professor Angel, Lima, Peru: 12 specimens of algae (gift) Martinez, Professor Maximino, Mexico, D.F.: 1 plant specimen (gift) Matuda, Eizi, Mexico, D.F.: 83 plant specimens (gift); 110 plant speci- mens (exchange) May, Dr. Valerie, Sydney, Aus- tralia: 14 cryptogamic specimens (gift) Merrill, Dr. Elmer D., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts: 1 plant specimen (gift) Michigan, University of, Ann Arbor: 144 cryptogamic specimens, 699 plant specimens (exchange) Michigan State College, East Lansing: 6 wood specimens (exchange) Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis: 22 plant specimens (gift); 3,755 plant specimens (exchange) MoLDENKE, Dr. Harold N., New York: 51 photographic prints, 35 plant specimens (exchange) MoNCURE, Robert C, Guatemala, Guatemala: 1 plant specimen (gift) Moore, Dr. Dwight, Fayetteville, Arkansas: 1 plant specimen (gift) Morrison, Dr. Warren, Chicago: 2 plant specimens, 3 cryptogamic speci- mens (gift) Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Caracas, Venezuela: 400 plant speci- mens (exchange) MusEO Nacional, San Jose, Costa Rica: 366 plant specimens (gift) MusEO Nacional db Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile: 1,256 photo- graphic prints (exchange) National Museum, Manila, Philip- pine Islands: 812 plant specimens (ex- change) Natural Resources Section, Division of Forestry, San Francisco: 40 wood specimens (gift) Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden: 1,617 plant speci- mens (exchange) Nelson, Mrs. Natalie C, Chicago: 2 specimens of fungi (gift) New York Botanical Garden, New York: 22 specimens of algae, 216 plant specimens, 10 photographic prints (gift); 375 plant specimens, 44 photo- graphic prints (exchange) Nielsen, Dr. Chester S., Talla- hassee, Florida: 131 specimens of algae (gift) Nielsen, Dr. Chester S., Talla- hassee, Florida, and William L. Cul- berson, Cincinnati: 82 specimens of algae (gift) Nogle, Harold, Port Arthur, Texas: 67 wood specimens (exchange) NoRVELL, Oliver, Stanford Uni- versity, California: 58 plant specimens (gift) Oakes, Orville a., Winnetka, Illi- nois: 1 wood specimen (gift) Ohlendorf, Dr. William C, Park Ridge, Illinois: 136 botanical books, 2,788 plant specimens (gift) Osborn, Dr. Ben O., San Angelo, Texas: 2 specimens of algae (gift) Palumbo, Dr. Ralph, Philadelphia: 20 specimens of algae (gift) Patrick, Dr. Ruth, Philadelphia: 133 plant specimens (gift) 93 Philadelphia Acai>km\ ok Xatihal SciKNCt^i, I'hiladt'lphia: 17 plant sp«-iM- mens (gift); 15 specimens of algae (ex- change) Philipi'Ines. University of the, Quezon City, Philippine Islands: 631 specimens of al^ae (exchanKe) P I c H I - S E R M () L I- 1 . Professor RonoLFO, University of Florence, Flor- ence, Italy: 100 plant specimens (ex- change) Plant Indistrv Station, Beltsviile, Maryland: 730 plant specimens (ex- change) Qieenslanp, University of, Bris- bane, Australia: 55 specimens of algae (exchange i Richards Fund, Donald: 199 cryp- togamic sj^ecimens from Mt. Shasta, 909 cryptogamic specimens, 4J4 speci- mens of moss from P'innish Lapland, 383 specimens of moss and lichens from Finland, 50 specimens of fungi from North America, 1275 cryptogamic speci- mens from Alaska Richardson, Eugene S., Jr., Win- netka, Illinois: I cryptogamic specimen (gift) Ruksherbarium, Leiden, Nether- lands: S60 specimens of algae, 1,439 cryptogamic specimens (exchange) Roc.ERS, Dr. D. p.. New York: 38 specimens of algae (gift) Ross, Lillian A., Chicago: 11 cryp- togamic specimens (gift) Rousseau, Dr. Jacques, Montreal, Quebec, Canada: 8 specimens of algae (gift) Rubinstein, Dr. and Mrs. Joseph, Chicago: 2 cryptogamic specimens (gift) RuT(^ERS University, New Bruns- wick, New Jersey: 68 cryptogamic specimens (exchange) Sanborn. Colin C, Highland Park, Illinois: '26 plant specimens (gift) SCHALLERT. Dr. Paul O., Altamonte Springs, Florida: '22 specimens of algae (gift) Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illi- nois: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift J S(-oTT, Milton, Miami, Florida: 77 wood specimens (exchange) Sella, K.mil, Chicago: 5 specimens of fungi (gift ) Senn, Dr. Harold A., Ottawa, On- tario, Canada: 18 specimens of algae (gift) Sherff, Dr. Earl E., Chicago: 1,987 plant sp<>cimens (^giftt SiLVA, Her.man, Ka-^t Lansing, Michi- gan: 247 specimens of algae (gift) SiLVA. Paul C, Berkeley, California: 31 specimens of algae (gift) Taylor, Dr. William Randolph, Ann Arbor, Michigan: 21 specimens of algae (gift) TENNt:ssEE, University of, Knox- ville: 25 plant specimens (gift) United States Department of .\(;riculture. Forest Service, Madi- .son, Wisconsin: 266 wood specimens (exchange) United States Department of .\(;riculture, Beltsviile, .Maryland: 10 pounds of Chilean wood (gift) I'nited States National Herbar- ium, Washington, D.C.: reprints, 3 parts (exchange) United States National Museum, Washington, D.C.: 2 plant specimens (gift) Universidad del Cuzco, Cuzco, Peru: 19 plant specimens, 26 ears of corn (gift) Whitehouse, Dr. Eula, Dallas, Texas: 74 specimens of algae (gift) William Jewell College, Liberty, Mi.ssouri: 82 plant specimens (gift) WiusoN. .\RCHIE F., Flo.ssmoor, Illi- nois: 10 plant specimens (gift: 12 wood specimens (exchange) Wilton, Mrs. Henry G.. Arlington, Massachu.setts: 3 ears of corn (gift) WiSNiEwsKY, Dr. a., Belem, Pari, Brazil: 4 plant specimens (exchange) WoMERSLEY, Dr. H. B. S., Adelaide, Australia: 35 specimens of algae (gift) Yale University. New Haven, Con- necticut: 28 plant specimens (gift) DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGV-.ACCESSIONS American Museum of Natural History, New York: cast of Panto- lambda hathmodon — New Mexico (ex- change) Bridwell. L. H., Forestburg. Texas: vertebrate jaw fragment — Texas (gift) Chalmers Crystal Fund: 6 wither- ite crystals — Illinois (gift) 94 Chicago, University of, Chicago: 3 fossil reptile specimens — Texas (gift) Chicago Natural History Museum : Collected bv Dr. Robert H. Denison, William D. turnbull, and Priscilla F. Turnbull (Utah Paleontological Expedi- tion, 1950): 500 fossil-fish specimens — various localities Collected by Celestini Kalinowski: 1 trilobite — Peru Collected by George Langford (Wil- mington, Illinois, Paleobotanical Field Trips, 1950): 847 fossil-plant specimens, 41 fossil invertebrates — Will County, Illinois Collected by George Langford and Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. (Tennessee Paleobotanical Field Trip, 1950): 1,463 fossil-plant specimens, 1 fossil insect — various localities Collected by Bryan Patterson and Dr. Rainer Zangerl (Texas Paleonto- logical Expedition, 1950): collection of microfauna of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals — Texas; 773 fossil in- vertebrates — Arkansas Collected by Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. (Wyoming Invertebrate Paleonto- logical Field Trip, 1950): collection of invertebrate fossils and 15 fossil fish — South Dakota and Wyoming Collected by Robert K. Wyant (Mis- sissippi Valley Geological Field Trip, 1950): 248 specimens of minerals, rocks, and ores — various localities Collected by Dr. Rainer Zangerl (Ala- bama Paleontological Field Trip, 1950): 1 fossil turtle — Alabama; (Texas Pale- ontological Expedition, 1950): 459 in- vertebrate fossils — Texas Purchases: 312-gram fragment of Keyes meteorite, 1,802 specimens of invertebrate fossils, collection of verte- brate fossils, 1 fossil jellyfish — various localities Colombia, Consul of, Colombia: 123 metallic and nonmetallic ores, 17 lithology specimens — Colombia (gift) Darling, M. L., Detroit: specimen of native copper — Michigan (gift) Dartmouth College Museu.m, Hanover, New Hampshire: 7 fossil fish- head shields, 15 casts of fossil fish — Estonia (exchange) Davis, Morgan, Houston, Texas: gypsum crystals with sand inclusions — Texas (gift) Feltwell, H. v., Altoona, Pennsyl- vania: fossil impression of part of trunk of giant club-moss — Penn.sylvania (gift) Hard, Allen M., Tuscaloosa, Ala- bama, and Robert H. Hard, Flint, Michigan: fossil-turtle fragments — Ala- bama (gift) Hutchinson, Joseph, Morena, Ari- zona: 11 pieces of agate — Arizona (gift) Michigan, University of, Ann Arbor: collection of 73 invertebrate fossils — various localities (exchange) Proell, Wayne, Chicago: rhinoceros skull— South Dakota (gift) Rowley, Elmer B., Glen Falls, New York: 9 mineral specimens — various localities (exchange) Saskatchewan Provincial Mu- seum, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada: Hyracodon jaw — Canada (gift) Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illi- nois: loess concretion — Germany (gift) Sinclair, G. Winston, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Anaconularia anomala — Bo- hemia (gift) Tennessee, University of, Knox- ville: plaster cast of four peripherals and partial plastron of Toxochelys iveeksi — Tennessee (gift) Texas Memorial Museum, Austin: Trilophosaiirus skeleton — Texas (ex- change) United States National Museum, Washington, D.C.: 7 meteorites — vari- ous localities (exchange) Whitfield, Dr. and Mrs. R. H., AND Jon S. Whitfield, Evanston, Illi- nois: 950 fossil plant specimens, 1 fossil invertebrate — various localities (gift) Wray, 0. R., Moranda, Quebec, Canada: specimen of dalmatianite — Canada (gift) Zangerl, Dr. and Mrs. Rainer, Hazelcrest, Illinois: 1 miacid jaw — Utah (gift) DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY-ACCESSIONS Abbott, R. Tucker, Washington, D.C.: collection of malacological pam- phlets (exchange) Aboulafia, Leon R., Tel Aviv, Israel: 1 mammal, 10 reptiles — Israel (gift) 95 Ai'oSTA Y Laka, Ki)t akim), Montt'- vidtH), Uruguav: 7 mammals Mrazil (gift) Ahams. Pim.l.lF' A., Bcrki'loy. Cali- fornia: ."JS insi'cts various loralitifs (ox- change) AMKRirAV MlSEfM OF Natikai, HisToUV, Nfw York: 2 birds Argen- tina (exchange) Amkrican Tki.ephonk am> Tki.k- CKAl'H CoMCANV, New York: 1 compU^to set of climbing o(|uipmont (gift ' AlRHnAcll, Pk. Stani.ev, Evanston, Illinois: 1(54 insects and thoir allies United States (gift) Bknf„«;ii, BRRNARn. Sunbright, Ten- nessee: 310 insects Tennessee (gift) Rkrc. Dr. Clifforp O., Delaware, Ohio: 'J vials of insects Michigan (gift ) Berc.strom, David, Albucjuerciue, New Mexico: 81 lower invertebrates Tennessee (gift) BoRRERo, J. I., Bogota, Colombia: 7 birds— Colombia (exchange) Braiuurv. Marc.aret G., ami Phyllis A. Madden, Chicago: 2,^23 fishes — Illinois (gift) Brodie, Laira, Chicago: 1 mammal skeleton, S9 fishes- South Carolina (gift) Brodie, Latra, and Marc.aret G. Bradhlry, Chicago: 211 amphibians- South Carolina (gift) BrcHEN, Walther, Chicago: 1 bird — Africa (gift) BucHEN Fund, Walther: 132 mam- mals—Africa (gift) California Academy of Sciences, San F^rancisco: 47 insects various localities (exchange) Camras, Dr. Sidney, Chicago: 1,178 insects United States (gift) Cardona, Captain F^elix, Caracas, Venezuela : 2 1 9 insects— Venezuela (gift i Carpenter, Sisan M., Chicago: 1 annelid worm tube Florida (gift) Chao. Hsil-Fi', Amherst, Massachu- setts: 1 insect paratype- China (gifti Chicago, University of. Depart- ment of Zoology, Chicago: 1 amphib- ian — Illinois (gift) Chicago Natural History Museum: Collectefl by Dr. Francis Drouet and others (Gulf States Botanical Expedi- tion, 1948 49): 62 lower invertebrates- Florida Collected by Henry S. Dybas and Kobert F. Inger (local field work): 136 in.sects Indiana CoIlecteedi- tion, 1949): 138 reptiles and amphibians, 86 insects and their allies— Siam Collected by Rupert L. Wenzel, Rodger D. Mitchell, and Luis de la Torre (Guatemala Zoological Expedi- tion, 1948): 2,636 insects and their allies— Guatemala Collected by Loren P. Woods and familv (Florifia Kevs Fish-Collecting Trip, 1949-50): 711 marine fishes— F'lorida Collected by I^ren P. Woods and Robert F. Inger (Field Work for Cave Fishes, 1950i: 17 mammals, 9 reptiles and amphibians, 638 fishes, 18 lots of lower invertebrates — United States 96 Collected by various Museum workers and volunteers (from animals brought in for Museum collection): 3,920 insects and their allies Purchases: 489 mammal skins and skulls, 242 mammals in alcohol, 32 mammal skulls, 1 mammal skin and skeleton, 2 mammal skeletons, 16,193 bird skins, 1 set of bird eggs, 409 reptiles and amphibians, 299 fishes, 6,987 insects and their allies, 263 lots of lower invertebrates Chicago Zoological Society, Brook- field, Illinois: 26 mammals, 39 birds, 2 bird eggs — various localities (gift) Choate, Jerry, Big Spring, Texas: 1 reptile — Texas (gift) Cleveland, Thomas C, Homewood, Illinois: 1 reptile — Illinois (gift) COMPANHIA DE DiAMANTES DE AN- GOLA, Porto, Portugal: 100 mammals in alcohol — Angola (gift) CoNOVER, BoARDMAN (deceased): 1 bird skeleton — Illinois (gift) CONOVER, BOARDMAN, ESTATE OF, Chicago: approximately 18,000 game birds — worldwide (gift) Deraniyagala, Dr. P. E. P., Co- lombo, Ceylon: 2 reptiles — Ceylon (ex- change) Doty, Mrs. Charlotte, Chicago: 1 fish, 550 lots of lower invertebrates — worldwide (gift) Duckworth, N. H., Chicago: 1 rep- tile — Borneo (gift) Dybas, Henry S., Hazelcrest, Illi- nois: 3,456 insects and their allies — various localities (gift) EiGSTi, Wilbur E., Hastings, Ne- braska: 74 insects — Nebraska (gift) Elias, Dr. Hans, Chicago: 5 fishes — Florida (gift) English, Dr. (full name lacking), Miami, Florida: 1 mammal — Florida (gift) Felton, Heinz, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany: 9 mammals — Germany (gift) Figueroa, Mauro Cardenas, Mex- ico, D.F., 3 reptiles — Mexico (gift) Fleming, Robert, Mussoorie, India: 133 insects and their allies — India (gift) Flohr, Richard (address lacking): 1 fish— Florida (gift) Friesser, Julius, Chicago: 1 mam- mal skull — Brazil (gift) Frost, C. A., Framingham, Massa- chusetts: 1 insect — California (gift) Gaerdes, F., Okahandja, South West Africa: 90 insects — South West Africa (gift) Ganier, Dr. Albert F., Nashville, Tennessee: 1 mammal — Tennessee (ex- change) Gerhard, William J., Chicago: 1 bird, 1,600 insects — United States (gift) Goldman, Ronald, Chicago: 18 mammals — Missouri (gift) GoLDSCHMiDT, Harvey M., Putnam Valley, New York: 93 reptiles and am- phibians — United States (gift) Goodnight, Dr. and Mrs. Clarence J., Lafayette, Indiana: 84 insects and their allies, including 2 paratypes — Mexico (gift) Gorges, A. J., Eagleton, Arkansas: 5 reptiles — Arkansas (gift) Gosline, William A., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, T.H.: 6 fishes — Hawaii (exchange) Greeley, Frederick, Madison, Wis- consin: 9 mammals — Wisconsin (gift) Greeman, O. W., Marion, Kentucky: 1 mammal — Kentucky (gift) Hassler, William G., Nashville, Tennessee: 1 amphibian — tropical America (gift) Henson, Daniel G., Jr., Eagleton, Arkansas: 1 reptile — Arkansas (gift) Hildebrandt, R. E., Maywood, Illinois: 1 mammal skull — Florida (gift) HoOGSTRAAL, Harry, Cairo, Egypt: 301 mammals, 481 birds, 377 amphib- ians and reptiles, 5,524 insects and their allies (including 271 paratypes), 1,278 prepared insect microscope slides, 12 lower invertebrates — Egypt (gift) Hubbard, Dr. C. Andresen, Tigard, Oregon: 206 insects prepared on micro- scope slides (including 20 paratypes) — western United States (gift) HuBBS, Dr. Clark, Austin, Texas: 95 fishes (including 55 paratypes) — tropical western Pacific (gift) HuBRiCHT, Leslie, Danville, Vir- ginia: 2 amphibians — Virginia (gift) Hunter, Colonel George W., Ill, Tokyo, Japan: 2 amphibians — Japan (gift) Johnson, J. E., Waco, Texas: 22 reptiles — Texas (gift) Kirby-Smith, Dr. Henry, Sewanee, Tennessee: 7 fishes — Tennessee (gift) KoBAYASHi, K., Kobe, Japan: 43 birds — Japan (exchange) 97 Kix I!, Kaki. Ll'invic. Frankfort-oti- Maiii, (M-rmuny: 1 Mnl (M-rmany (gift) Kkaiss, N. I., n.. Unnoliilu. Hawaii. T.H.: 1- rt'pliles various Im-alitit's (Rift Kins, Mkki.kL.. I.afayt'ttc. Indiana: 50 mammals Mexico (cxchanK"' : 1 mammal skull Mexico (gift) KriUKSS. LlKlTKNANT JoHN, Pensa- i-ola. Floritla: 1 l)ir(l. l reptiles various localities (gift) Lamukut. ItoNAi.i) .1.. I^ensonvillc, Illinois: 1 bin! Wisconsin (gift) LEKAC.n,. I>K. HOONSANG, Bangkok, Siam: 1 pair of mammal horns Siam (exchange) Lewis, Lieutenant Thomas H., Las Cruces, New Mexico: 2 reptiles- Mexico (gift) Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago: 14 mammals, 1 bird various localities (gift) Little, Lither, San Marino, Cali- fornia: 4 mammals Arizona (gift) LoNC, Lewis K., Washington, D.C: 4 reptiles and amphibians Nicaragua (gift) LowRiE, Dr. Donalp C, Moscow, Idaho: 3 reptiles, 400 insect allies — United States (gift) Main, A. R., Nedlands, Australia: 1 reptile Australia (gift) Maria, Brother Niceforo, Laba- teca, Colombia: 1 bird Colombia (gift) MiNTON, Dr. Sherman A., Jr., In- dianapolis: 9 amphibians Indiana (gift) Mitchell, Rodcer D., Wayne, Illi- nois: 14 lots of lower invertebrates — United States (gift) MiNiciPAL Aqlarum, Key We.st. Florida: 1 fi.sh- Florida (gift) MuRrHY, Walter P. (deceased): 6 birds— various localities (gift) MCSECM OK COMTARATIVE ZoOLOCY, Cambridge, Massachusetts: 1 reptile, 2 amphibian paratypes, S insects, 105 lots of lower invertebrates various localities (exchange) Museum of Natural History, Urbana, Illinois: 2 mammals Illinois (exchange) Nelson, Harry, Chicago: 80 insects — various localities (gift) New York Zoolocmcal Society, New York: 1 bird Belgian Congo (gift) Ohlendorf, Dr. William C, Park liidge, Illinois: 257 birds North America (gift i Ortiz de la Puente, Javier. Lima, Peru: 1 reptile and 1 amphibian Kcua- dor (gift) Pacific Science Board, Washington, D.C.: .s9 in.sects Micronesia (gifti Park, Dr. Orlando, Evanston, Illi- nois: 311 fishes Indiana (gift) Parkman, Macy, Mt. Sterling, Illi- nois: 1 bird Illinois (gift i Parodiz, Juan Jose, Washington, D.C: 46 lower invertebrates Mis- souri (gift) Patterson, Bryan, and Alan Pat- TEliSoN, Park Forest, Illinois: 500 in- sects and their allies Florida (ex- change); 40 in.sects Illinois (gift) Pearody Museum, Cambridge, Mas- .sachu.setts: .s6 fi.shes, 10 lots of lower invertebrates— southwest A.sia (gift) Pena, Colonel Luis E., Santiago, Chile: 1 fish, 2 in.sect paratypes— Bolivia and Chile (gift) Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey: 112 reptiles and amphib- ians Argentina (gift) Rana, General Rudra Shamsher JuNc. Bahadur, Comander-in-Chief, Camp Butwal, We.st Nepal:-! Hima- layan bearskin rug Nepal (gift) Ray, Eu(;ene. Chicago: 41 insects (including 1 paratype) —various locali- ties (gift) Reed. Dr. Charles A., Chicago: 142 salamanders Arizona (gift) Remington, Dr. Charles L., New Haven, Connecticut: 379 insects- Philippine Islands (gift) Reynolds, Charles, and Leroy Williams, Eagleton, Arkan.sas: 1 rep- tile Arkan.sas (gift) Richardson, Dr. Maurice L., Lan- sing. Michigan: 26 lower invertebrates - California (gift) Romer, J. D., Hong Kong, China: 7 amphibians Hong Kong, China (gift) Ross. Lillian A.. Chicago: 2 reptiles and 1 amphibian. 126 insects and their allies, 6 lower invertebrates — Cuba and United States (gift) 98 Russell, Richard, Belleville, Illi- nois: 14 lower invertebrates — Illinois (gift) Sanborn, Colin C, Highland Park, Illinois: 1 bird — Illinois (gift) Sanderson, Ivan T. (address lack- ing): 1 fish — Yucatan (gift) SCHLESCH, Dr. Hans, Copenhagen, Denmark: 10 lower invertebrates — various localities (gift) Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illi- nois: 9 lots of lower invertebrates — Germany (gift) ScHWENGEL, Dr. Jeanne S., Green- wich, Connecticut: 191 lower inverte- brates (including 2 paratypes) — various localities (gift) Scott de Biraben, Dr. M. I. HvLTON, La Plata, Argentina: 431 lower invertebrates (including 6 paratypes) — Argentina (exchange) Seevers, Dr. Charles H., Home- wood, Illinois: 137 insects — North America (gift) Senckenberg Museum, Frankfort- on-Main, Germany: 7 reptiles — Aus- tralia and Madagascar (exchange) Shedd Aquarium, John G., Chicago: 92 fishes — worldwide (gift) Shirk, Joseph H., Peru, Indiana: 3 mammal skulls — Arizona (gift) Shoemaker, Dr. Hurst: Champaign, Illinois: 1 lower invertebrate — Gulf of Mexico (gift) SiGiSMUND OF Prussia, Princess, Barranca, Costa Rica: 8 mammals, 6 reptiles, 10 insects and their allies — Costa Rica (gift) SiOLi, Dr. Harald, Belem, Brazil: 217 lower invertebrates — Brazil (gift) Smith, Professor Clarence R., Aurora, Illinois: 1 reptile — Illinois (gift) Spencer, Mrs. Howard C, Vernon, New Jersey: 4 reptiles — New Jersey (gift) Steiner, John, Chicago: 3 insects — Chicago (gift) Steyermark, Dr. Julian A., Bar- rington, Illinois: 1 mammal, 2 amphib- ians — Missouri (gift) Stickel, Dr. William H., Laurel, Maryland: 216 amphibians (including 1 type and 2 paratypes) — Philippine Is- lands (gift) Stoddard, Herbert, Sr., Thomas- ville, Georgia: 2 birds — Georgia (gift) Strassen, Richard zur, Kronberg, Germanv: 1 insect paratype — Germany (gift) Tarrant, Ross, Walworth, Wiscon- sin: 2 reptiles, 8 fishes, 1 pair of shark jaws — Florida and Wisconsin (gift) Tashian, Richard E., Lafayette, Indiana: 83 birds — Mexico (gift) Thompson, Robert T., Cavecreek, Arizona: 2 insects — Arizona (gift) Thurow, Gordon, Chicago: 15 rep- tiles and amphibians — Indiana and Bermuda (gift) TosCHi, Dr. Augusto, Bologna, Italy: 9 mammals — Italy (exchange) Traub, Major Robert, Washington, D.C. : 28 mammals, 69 insects (including 10 paratypes, 15 holotypes, and 15 allo- types) — various localities (gift) Traylor, Nancy, Winnetka, Illi- nois: 1 bird — Illinois (gift) United States National Museum, Washington, D.C: 55 insects — various localities (exchange) United States Navy Medical Re- search Unit No. 3, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: 362 mammals, 25 fishes — Anglo- Egyptian Sudan (gift) VAN der Schalie, Dr. Henry, Ann Arbor, Michigan: 40 lots of lower in- vertebrates — United States (gift) Vaz, Dr. Eduardo, Sao Paulo, Brazil: 13 snake skulls, 7 snake skins — South America (gift) Ward, Ronald, Chicago: 103 insects — United States (gift) Webb, Walter F., St. Petersburg, Florida: 2 lower invertebrates — Peru (gift) Wentworth, Colonel Edward N., Chicago: 2 mammal skulls — domestic (gift) Whitfield, Yvette, Laredo, Texas: 10 insects — Texas (gift) Wirdham, Bert, Eagleton, Arkansas: 1 reptile — Arkansas (gift) Woodcock, H. E., Chicago: 4 insects — Nova Scotia and New Brunswick (gift) Woods, Loren P., Jr., Richton Park, Illinois: 5 fishes — Indiana (gift) Wyatt, Alex K., Chicago: 17 insects — Illinois and Indiana (gift) ZiEMER, August, Chicago: 143 in- sects and their allies — Illinois and Wis- consin (gift) 99 JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND FOUNDATION-ACCESSIONS ChkacoNatiral History Miseim: Made by Museum Photograohpr: 16 2x2 natural-color (orijfinah slides CiRiKR. Mrs. SrsiE I., Estate of, Maywood, Illinois: 52 books and pul>- lications, 19'J ethnological specimens, U'J pieces of jewelry (gift) Lambert, Ronai.d J.. Bensonville, Illinois: 3 UxJ natural-color original) slides (gift ) Millar. John R., Chicago: 3 2x2 natural-ri)Ior (duplicate slides (gift) DIVISION OF PHOTOGRAPHY-ACCESSIONS ChkagoNatiralHistoRY MlSKlM: positives, 501 enlargements, 94 lantern Made by Division of Photography: slides, 2 kodacromes, 6 transparencies 12,960 prints, 1,127 negatives, 1,410 DI\ ISION OF MOTION PICTURES-ACCESSIONS Baker-Hint Foindation, Inc., Hallock, Norman R., La Grange, Covington, Kentucky: 2,000 feet of Illinois: 1,100 feet of color film f pur- black-and-white 35mm sound film (gift) chase) Chicago Natural History MisEfM: Hilfiker, Earl, Rochester, New Made by Division of Motion Pictures: York: 400 feet of color film (purchase) 1,500 feet of color sound-film LIBRARY ACCESSIONS-LIST OF DONORS: INSTITUTIONS Academie des Sciences, Paris American Anthropological Association, Andover, Mas.sachusetts Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago Camp Fire Girls, Inc., New York MajTjyama and Company, Tokyo, Japan Pakistan Embassy, Washington, D.C. Republic of Colombia, Bogota, Co- lombia Rush Medical College, Chicago LIBRARY ACCESSIONS-LIST OF DONORS: INDIXIDUALS Alvarez, Dr. Walter C, Mayo Clinic, Field. Dr. Henry, Washington, D.C. Rochester, Minnesota Beecher, William J., Chicago Day, Mary Bostwick, Chicago Denison. Dr. Robert H., Chicago Eggan, Dr. Frederick, University of Chicago, Chicago 100 Gregg, Colonel Clifford C, Valparaiso, Indiana Grier, Mrs. Su.^e I., Estate of. May- wood, Illinois Haas, Dr. Fritz, Chicago Langford, George, Chicago Myrland, Arthur L., Chicago Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, lUinois Souza-Novelo, Dr. Narciso, Merida, Ohlendorf, Dr. WilHam C, Park Ridge, ^ Yucatan Mexico jllinois Standley, Paul C, Chicago „ ^ „,. ^, Tristan, Jose M., Rochester, New York Richardson, Eugene S., Jr., Winnetka, Illinois Walpole, Stewart J., Mount Dora, Richardson, Dr. Maurice L., Lansing, Florida Michigan Wardwell, William, Chicago Ross, Lillian A., Chicago Wyatt, Alex K., Chicago 101 Conrrihutions .ind Requests rontrihutions and bequests to Chicapo Xatural History Museum may l)e made in securities, money, books, or collections. They may, if desired, take the form of a memorial to a person or cause, to be namefl by the giver. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the following form is suggested: FORM OF BEQUEST I do hereby give and bequeath to Chicago Xatural History Museum of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois: Cash contributions made within the taxable year to Chicago Natural flistory Museum to an amount not in excess of 15 per cent of the taxpayer's net income are aUouable as deductions in coynputinrj net income for federal income tax. lo: MEMBERS OF THE MUSEUM FOUNDER Marshall Field* Those who Ayer, Edward E.* Buckingham, Miss Kate S.* Conover, Boardman* Crane, Cornelius Crane, R. T., Jr.* Field, Joseph N.* Field, Marshall Field, Stanley * Deceased BENEFACTORS have contributed $100,000 or more to the Museum Graham, Ernest R.* Harris, Albert W. Harris, Norman W.* Higinbotham, Harlow N." Kelley, William V.* Pullman, George M.* Rawson, Frederick H.* Raymond, Mrs. Anna Louise* Raymond, James Nelson* Ryerson, Martin A.* Ryerson, Mrs. Martin A.* Simpson, James* Smith, Mrs. Frances Gaylord* Smith, George T.* Sturges, Mrs. Mary D.* Suarez, Mrs. Diego HONORARY MEMBERS Those who have rendered eminent service to Science Cutting, C. Suydam Field, Marshall Field, Stanley Harris, Albert W. Ludwig, H. R. H. Gustaf Adolf, Crown Prince of Sweden Sargent, Homer E. Suarez, Mrs. Diego Vernay, Arthur S. PATRONS Those who have rendered eminent service to the Museum Calderini, Charles J. Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily Crane Chancellor, Philip M. Collins, Alfred M. Cutting, C. Suydam Day, Lee Garnett Ellsworth, Duncan S. Field, Mrs. Stanley Hancock, G. Allan Judson, Clay Knight, Charles R. Deceased, 1950 Conover, Boardman Moore, Mrs. William H. Sargent, Homer E. Suarez, Mrs. Diego Vernay, Arthur S. White, Harold A. 103 CORRESPONDING Ml-MBERS Scieiitisls or patrons of science, residing in foreign countries, who hare rendered eminent service to the Museum Brcuil, AbW Henri Horhroutinor, Hr. H. r GeorRos Hiimhcrt, IVofessor Henri Keissler, Or. Karl Koith, Professor Sir Arthur I>e6n, Brother (Sauget y Barbier, Joseph S.) CONTRIBUTORS Those who have contributed $1,000 to $100,000 to the Museum in money or materials $75,000 to $100,000 Chancellor, Philip M. $50,000 to $75,000 Keep, Chauncey* Remmer, Oscar E.* Rosenwald, Mrs. Augusta N.* $25,000 to $50,000 Adams, Mrs. Edith Almy* Blackstone, Mrs. Timothy B.* Chalmers, Mrs. Joan A.* Coats, John* Crane, Charles R.* Crane, Mrs. R. T., Jr.* Field, Mrs. Stanley Jones, Arthur B.* Murphy. Walter P.* Porter, George F.* Ro.senwald, Julius* Vernay, Arthur S. White, Harold A. $10,000 to $25,000 Adams, Jo-seph* Armour, Alli.son V.* Armour, P. D.' Babcock, Mrs. Abby K.* Barnes, R. Magoon* * Deceased 104 Bartlett, Mi.ss F'lorence Dihell Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily Crane Chalmers, William J.* Cummings, R. F.* Cutting, C. Suydam Everard, R. T.' Gunsaulus, Dr. F. W.* Insull, Samuel* Laufer, Dr. Berthold* Lufkin, Wallace W.* Mandel, Leon McCormick, Cyrus (P^state) McCormick, Stanley Mitchell, John J.* Reese, Lewis* Richards, Elmer J. Robb, Mrs. George W.* Rockefeller Foundation, The Sargent, Homer E. Schweppe, Mrs. Charles H.* Straus, Mrs. Oscar S.* Strong. Walter A.* Wrigley, William, Jr.* $5,000 to $10,000 .\dams, George E.* .\dams. Mihvard* American Friends of China Avery, Sewell L. Bartlett, A. C* Bishop, Heber (Estate) Borland, Mrs. John Jay* Crane. R. T.* Cuatrecasas, Dr. Jo.s^ Doane, J. W.* Field, Dr. Henrv Fuller, William A.* Graves, George Coe, II* Harris, Hayden B. Harris, Norman Dwight Harris, Mrs. Norman W.* Haskell. Frederick T.* Hutchinson, C. L.* Keith, Ed.son* Langtry, J. C. Maclean, Mrs. M. Haddon* Moore, Mrs. William H. Payne, John Barton* Pearsons, D. K.* Perrv, Stuart H. Porter, H. H.* Ream, Norman B.* Revell, Alexander H.* Richards, Donald Riley, Mrs. Charles V.* Salie. Prince M. U. M. Sprague. \. A.* Storev. William Ben.son* Strawn. Silas H.* Street, William S. Thorne. Bruce Tree, Lambert* Valentine, Louis L.* Watkins, Rush Wetten, Albert H. CONTRIBUTORS (Continued) $1,000 to $5,000 Acosta Soils, Dr. M. Avery, Miss Clara A.* Ayer, Mrs. Edward E.* Barr, Mrs. Roy Evan Barrett, Samuel E.* Bensabott, R., Inc. Bishop, Dr. Louis B.* Blair, Watson F.* Blaschke, Stanley Field Block, Mrs. Helen M.* Borden, John Brown, Charles Edward* Buchen, Walther Cahn, Dr. Alvin R. Chicago Zoological Society, The Coburn, Mrs. Annie S.* Crocker, Templeton Cummings, Mrs. Robert F.* Desloge, Joseph Doering, O. C. Dybas, Henry S. Eitel, Emil* Fish, Mrs. Frederick S.* Graves, Henry, Jr. Grier, Mrs. Susie I.* Gunsaulus, Miss Helen Gurley, William F. E.* Herz, Arthur Wolf* Hibbard, W. G.* * Deceased Higginson, Mrs. Charles M.* Hill, James J.* Hinde, Thomas W. Hixon, Frank P.* Hoffman, Miss Malvina Hoogstraal, Harry Howe, Charles Albee Hughes, Thomas S.* Jackson, Huntington W.* James, F. G. James, S. L. Knickerbocker, Charles K.* Kraft, James L. Langford, George Lee Ling Yiin Lerner, Michael Look, Alfred A. MacLean, Haddon H. Mandel, Fred L., Jr. Manierre, George* Marshall, Dr. Ruth Martin, Alfred T.* McCormick, Cyrus H.* McCormick, Mrs. Cyrus* Mitchell, Clarence B. Moyer, John W. Nash, Mrs. L. Byron Nichols, Henry W.* Ogden, Mrs. Frances E.* Ohlendorf, Dr. William Clarence Osgood, Dr. Wilfred H.* Palmer, Potter* Patten, Henry J.* Prentice, Mrs. Clarence C. Rauchfuss, Charles F.* Raymond, Charles E.* Reynolds, Earle H.* Richardson, Dr. Maurice L. Ross, Miss Lillian A. Rumely, William N.* Schapiro, Dr. Louis* Schmidt, Karl P. Schwab, Martin C* Schweppe, Charles H.* Shaw, William W. Sherff, Dr. Earl E. Smith, Bryon L.* Sprague, Albert A.* Steyermark, Dr. Julian A. Thompson, E. H.* Thorne, Mrs. Louise E. Traylor, Melvin A., Jr. VanValzah, Dr. Robert VonFrantzius, Fritz* Wheeler, Leslie* Whitfield, Dr. R. H. Willems, Dr. J. Daniel Willis, L. M.* Wolcott, Albert B.* Zangerl, Dr. Rainer CORPORATE MEMBERS Armour, Lester Avery, Sewell L. Blair, Wm. McCormick Block, Leopold E. Borden, John Calderini, Charles J. Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily Crane Chancellor, Philip M. Collins, Alfred M. Cummings, Walter J. Cutting, C. Suydam Day, Lee Garnett Dick, Albert B., Jr. Ellsworth, Duncan S. Fenton, Howard W. Field, Joseph N. Field, Marshall Field, Marshall, Jr. Field, Stanley Field, Mrs. Stanley Hancock, G. Allan Harris, Albert W. Insull, Samuel, Jr. Isham, Henry P. Judson, Clay Deceased, 1950 Conover, Boardman Knight, Charles R. McBain, Hughston M. Mitchell, William H. Moore, Mrs. William H. Randall, Clarence B. Richardson, George A. Sargent, Homer E. Smith, Solomon A. Suarez, Mrs. Diego Vernay, Arthur S. Wetten, Albert H. White, Harold A. Wilson, John P. 105 LIFE MEMBERS Those who hare cotttribuled $500 to the Mn»enm Adler. Max Allerton, Robort H. Armour, A. Watson Armour, Lostor Armour, Mrs. Ogden Ascoli, Mrs. Max Avery, SowplI I.. Hahson, HtMiry H. Haron, Kdward Kic'hardson, Jr. Hanks, Aloxandor F. Barn hart. Miss Gracia M. F. Barr, Mrs. Rov Evan Barrett, Mrs. A. D. Barrett, Robert L. Bart let t. Miss Florence Dibell Baur, Mrs. Jacob Bonsabott, R. BerminKham, Kdward J. Blaine, Mrs. Emmons Block, Leopold E. Borden, John Borland, Chauncey B. Bra.s.sert, Herman A. Brew.ster, Walter S. Browne, .\ldis J. Buchanan, D. W. Budd. Britton I. Burnham, John Burt, William G. Butler, Julius W. Butler, Rush C. Carpenter, Augustus .\. Carpenter, Mrs. John Alden Carr, George R. Carr, Walter S. Casalis, Mrs. Maurice Chat field-Taylor, Wayne Clegg, Mrs. William G. Connor, Ronnoc Hill Cook, Mrs. Daphne Field Corley, F. D. Cramer, Corwith Crossett, Edward C. Cro.ssley, Lady Jo.sephine Crossley, Sir Kenneth Cudahy, ?>lward \. Cummings, Walter J. Cunningham, James I). Cushing, Charles G. Dahl, F>rnest A. Dawes, Charles G. Dawes, Henry M. Delano, Frederic A. Dick, Albert B.. Jr. I)iers.sen, Ferank Hickox, Mrs. Charles V Hinde, Thomas W. Hopkins, L. J. Horowitz, L. J. Hoyt, N. Landon Hutchins, James C. Insull, Samuel, Jr. Jarnagin. William N. Jelke, John F. Joiner, Theodore E. Jones, Mi.ss Gwethalyn Kelley. Ru.s.sell P. King, James G. Kirk, Walter Radcliffe Ladd, John I>ehmann, E. J. Leonard, Clifford NL Levy, Mrs. David ^L Linn, Mrs. Dorothy C. Logan, Spencer H. NLicDowell, Charles H. .MacIxMsh, John E. .MacXCagh, Fames .Madlcner. Mrs. Albert F. Mason, William S. McBain, Hughston M. .Mclnnerney, Thomas H. McKinlay, John Meyer, Carl Mevne, Gerhardt F. Mitchell, William H. .Morse, Charles H. .Morton, .Mark .Munroe, Charles A. Myrland, Arthur L. Ormsbv, Dr. Oliver S. Orr, Robert .\L Paesch, Charles A. Palmer, Honor^ Pick, Albert Prentice, Mrs. Clarence C. Rodman, Mrs. Katherine Field Rodman, Thomas Clifford Ro.senwald, William Rubloff, .Arthur Ryerson, Edward L., Jr. Seabury, Charles W. Shirk, Jo.seph H. Smith, Alexander Smith, Solomon .\. Spalding, Keith Sprague, Mrs. Albert A. Stuart, Harry L. Stuart, John Stuart, R. Douglas St urges, George Swift, Harold H. Thome, Robert J. Tree, Ronald L. F. Tyson, Russell Uihiein, Edgar J. Veatch, George L. Walker, Dr. James W. Wanner, Harrv C. Ward. P. C. Welch, -Mrs. Edwin P. Welling, John P. Whitney, Mrs. Julia L. 106 LIFE MEMBERS (Continued) Wickwire, Mrs. Edward L. Wieboldt, William A. Conover, Boardman Dixon, Homer L. Willard, Alonzo J. Wilson, John P. Wilson, Thomas E. Deceased, 1950 Glore, Charles F. Kidston, William H. Winston, Garrard B. WooUey, Clarence M. Wrigley, Philip K. Newell, A. B. Willits, Ward W. NON-RESIDENT LIFE MEMBERS Those, residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, who have contributed $100 to the Museum Andrew, Edward Coolidge, Harold J. Dulany, George W., Jr. Gregg, John Wyatt Hearne, Knox Holloman, Mrs. Delmar W. Johnson, Herbert F., Jr. Maxwell, Gilbert S. Osgood, Mrs. Cornelius Richardson, Dr. Maurice L. Deceased, 1950 Bennett, Mrs. Irene Stark Rosenwald, Lessing J. Sardeson, Orville A. Stephens, W. C. Stern, Mrs. Edgar B. Vernay, Arthur S. Zerk, Oscar U. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Those who have contributed $100 to the Museum Aaron, Charles Aaron, Ely M. Abbott, Donald Putnam, Jr. Abbott, Gordon C. Abbott, William L. Abeles, Mrs. Jerome G. Abrahamsen, Miss Cora Abrams, Duff A. Ackerman, Charles N. Adamick, Gustave H. Adams, Mrs. Charles S. Adams, Mrs. Frances Sprogle Adams, Miss Jane Adams, John Q. Adams, Mrs. S. H. Adams, Mrs. Samuel Adams, William C. Adamson, Henry T. Adler, Mrs. Max Ahlschlager, Walter W. Alberts, Mrs. M. Lee Alden, William T. Aldis, Graham Alexander, Mrs. Arline V. Alexander, Edward Alexander, William H. Allbright, John G. Allen, Mrs. Grace G. Allensworth, A. P. AlHn, J. J. Allison, Mrs. William M. Alsip, Mrs. Charles H. Alter, Harry Alton, Carol W. Ames, Rev. Edward S. Anderson, Mrs. A. W. Anderson, Mrs. Alma K. Anderson, Miss Florence Regina Andrews, Mrs. E. C. Andrews, Milton H. Angelopoulos, Archie Anstiss, George P. Antrim, E. M. Appelt, Mrs. Jessie E. Appleton, John Albert Armbrust, John T. Armour, A. Watson, III Armour, Laurance H. Armour, Philip D. Armstrong, Mrs. Julian Armstrong, Kenneth E. Arn, W. G. Arnold, Mrs. Lloyd Artingstall, Samuel G. Ascher, Fred Ashenhurst, Harold S. Asher, Norman Atwood, Philip T. Aurelius, Mrs. Marcus A. Avery, George J. Ayres, Robert B. 107 ASSoriATK M KM hi: US (Conlinued) Babson, Mrs. Ciustavus Hachnu'vtT, Dr. Arthur C. Hark, Mi.s.s Maude F. Bacon, Dr. Alfon.s R. BadRfr, Shn-ve Cowlcs Baer, havid K. Baer, Mervin K. Baor. Walter S. HaK^y, John C. Hav;j;aIt'V, William Hlair Hair. W". I'. Hainl, Harrv K. Haker, Mrs. Alfred L. Baker. G. W. Baker, Greeley Baldwin, Vincent Curti.s Bal^emann, Otto W. Balkin, Louis Ball, Dr. Fred E. Ballard, Mrs. Foster K. BallenRer, A. G. Baltis, Walter S. Banes, W. C. Bannister, Miss Ruth D. Bantsolas, John \. Barber, Phil C. BarRiiuist, Miss Lillian D. Barkhausen, L. 11. Barnard, Harrison B. Barnes, Cecil Barnes, Mrs. Charles Osborne Barnes, Harold O. Barnett, Claude .A. Barnhart, Mrs. A. M. Barnuni, Harrv H. Barr, Mrs. Alfred H. Barr, GeorRe Barrett, Mrs. Arthur M. Barrett, Mrs. Harold G. Barthell, Gary Bartholomae, Mrs. Emma Bartholomay, F. H. Bartholomay, Henry Bartholomay, Mrs. William, Jr. Bartlett, P'rederic C. Barton, Mrs. p]nos NL Basile, William B. Basta, George A. Bastian, Charles L. Bastien, A. E. Bates, Mrs. A. M. Bates, George A. Bates, Joseph A. Battey, Paul L. Baum, Mrs. James E. Baum, Wilhelm Baumann, Harry P. Hausch, \\ iiliam ('. Beach, -Miss Be.ss K. Beach, K. Chandler H.'achy, .Mrs. Walter F. Heatty, John T. Heck, .MexandtT Becker, Benjamin \'. Becker, Frederick (L Becker, Herman T. Becker, James H. Becker, Louis Becker, Louis L. Beckler, R. \\. Beckman, X'ictor A. Beckman, Mrs. Victor A. Beckman, William H. Beddoes, Hul)ert Behr, Mrs. Edith Beidler, P^rancis, II Belden, Jo.seph C, Jr. Bell, Mrs. Laird Benjamin, Jack A. Benner, Harry Bennett, Bertram W. Bennett, S. A. Bennett, Prof. J. Gardner Benson, John Benson, Mrs. Thaddeus R. Bent, John P. Bentley, Mrs. Cyrus Berend, George F. Berkely, Dr. J. G. Berkson, Mrs. Maurice Bernstein, Philip Berry, V. D. I^ersbach, Elmer S. Bertol, Miss Aurelia Hertschinger, Dr. C. F. Besly, Mrs. C. H. Bettman, Dr. Ralph B. Bichl, Thomas A. Hidflle, Robert C. Biehn, Dr. J. F. Bigelow, Mrs. Ann Biggers, Bryan B. Biggs, NIrs. Joseph H. Bigler, Mrs. Albert J. Bigler, Dr. John A. Billow, Miss \'irginia Bird, Miss F'rances Birk, .Miss Amelia Birk, PVank J. Bishop, Howard P. Bishop, Miss Martha \'. Bittel, Mrs. Frank J. Bixby, Edward Randall Blackburn, Oliver A. Blair, Mrs. M. Barbour Blair, Wm. McCormick Blair, Wolcott Blatchford, Dr. Frank Wicks Blecker, Mrs. Michael, Jr. Ble.>vsing, Dr. Robert Block, Josr-ph L. Block, I>eigh B. Block, Mrs. Ix>igh B. Block, Philip !).. Jr. Blo.ss, Mrs. Sidnev M. Bluford, Mrs. David Hlum, Harrv H. Blunt, J. E.". Jr. Bluthardt, Edwin Boal, Ay res Boal, Stewart Boericke, Mrs. Anna Boettcher, .Arthur H. Boha.s.seck, Charles Bohrer, Randolph Bolotin, Hvman Bolten, Paul H. Bonfly, Bert hold Boomer, Dr. Paul C. Boone, Arthur Booth, George E. Borg, George W. Bori, -Mrs. Albert V. Borland, Mrs. Bruce Horowitz, David Borwell, Robert C. Bosch, Charles Bosch, Mrs. Henry Bosworth, .Mrs. Roland I. Botts, Graeme G. Boulton, Mrs. Rudyerd Bousa, Dr. Bohuslav Bowen, Mrs. Louise DeKoven Bowers, Ralph E. Bowman, Mrs. E. M. Bowman, Johnston A. Boyack, Harry Boyd, Mrs. T. Kenneth Boynton, A. J. Bovnton, Frederick P. Brach. Mrs. F. V. Bradley, Mrs. A. Ballard Bradley, Mrs. Natalie Blair Higinbotham Brainerd, Mrs. Arthur T. Bramble, Delhi G. C. Brandt, Charles H. Bransfield, John J. Brauer, Mrs. Paul Bremner, Mrs. David F. Brendecke, Miss June Brenner, S. L. Brennom, Dr. Elmo F. Brennwasser, S. M. Brenza, Mi.ss Mary 108 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued) Brewer, Mrs. Angeline L. Breyer, Mrs. Theodor Bridges, Arnold Bristol, James T. Brock, A. J. Brodribb, Lawrence C. Brodsky, J. J. Brostoff, Harry M. Brown, A. Wilder Brown, Mrs. C. H. Brown, Christy Brown, David S. Brown, Mrs. Everett C. Brown, John T. Brown, Dr. Joshua M. BrowTi, Mark A. Brown, Scott Brown, William F. Brucker, Dr. Edward A. Bruckner, William T. Brugman, John J. Bruhn, H. C. Brundage, Avery Brunswick, Larry Buchner, Dr. E. M. Buck, Nelson Leroy Buckley, Mrs. Warren Bucklin, Mrs. Vail R. Buddig, Carl Buehler, H. L. Buettner, Walter J. Buffington, Mrs. Margaret A. Buhmann, Gilbert G. Bunge, Mrs. Albert J. Bunte, Mrs. Theodore W. Burbott, E. W. Burch, Clayton B. Burchmore, John S. Burdick, Mrs. Alfred S. Burgstreser, Newton Burgweger, Mrs. Meta Dewes Burke, Webster H. Burley, Mrs. Clarence A. Burnham, Mrs. George Burns, Mrs. Randall W. Burry, William Bush, Earl J. Bush, Mrs. William H. Butler, Mrs. Hermon B. Butler, John M. Butler, Paul Butz, Theodore C. Butzow, Mrs. Robert C. Byrne, Miss Margaret H. Cahn, Dr. Alvin R. Cahn, Bertram J. Cahn, Morton D. Caine, John F. Caine, Leon J. Callender, Mrs. Joseph E. Calmeyn, Frank B. Camenisch, Miss Sophia C. Cameron, Dr. Dan U. Cameron, Will J. Camp, Mrs. Arthur Royce Campbell, Delwin M. Campbell, Herbert J. Canby, Caleb H., Jr. Canman, Richard W. Canmann, Mrs. Harry L. Capes, Lawrence R. Capps, Dr. Joseph A. Cardelli, Mrs. Giovanni Carlin, Leo J. Carmell, Daniel D. Carney, William Roy Caron, O. J. Carpenter, Mrs. Frederic Ives, Sr. Carpenter, Hubbard Carqueville, Mrs. A. R. Carr, Mrs. Clyde M. Carr, Robert A. Carroll, John A. Carry, Joseph C. Carter, Mrs. ArmisteadB. Carton, Alfred T. Carton, Laurence A. Gary, Dr. Eugene Castle, Alfred C. Castruccio, Giuseppe Gates, Dudley Cedar, Merwyn E. Cederlund, R. Stanley Cerling, Fredolph A. Cernoch, Frank Chandler, Henry P. Chapin, William Arthur Chapman, Arthur E. Chatain, Robert N. Cheney, Dr. Henry W. Chenier, Miss Mizpah Cherones, George D. Cherry, Walter L., Jr. Childs, Mrs. C. Frederick Childs, Mrs. George W. Chinlund, Miss Ruth E. Chislett, Miss Kate E. Christensen, E. C. Christiansen, Dr. Henry Churan, Charles A. Clare, Carl P. Clark, Ainsworth W. Clark, Miss Alice Keep Clark, Charles V. Clark, Mrs. Edward S. Clark, Edwin H. Clarke, Charles F. Clarke, Harley L. Clay, John Clemen, Dr. Rudolph A. Cleveland, Paul W. Clifford, Fred J., Jr. Clinch, Duncan L. CHthero, W. S. Clonick, Abraham J. Clonick, Sevmour E. Clough, William H. Clow, Mrs. Harry B. Clow, William E., Jr. Coath, V. W. Cochran, John L. Cohen, George B. Cohen, Mrs. L. Lewis Colburn, Frederick S. Colby, Mrs. George E. Cole, Sidney I. Coleman, Clarence L., Jr. Coleman, Dr. George H. Coleman, Mrs. John Coleman, Loring W. Coleman, Marvin H. Collins, Beryl B. Collison, E. K. Colvin, Miss Catharine Colvin, Miss Jessie Colwell, Clyde C. Compton, Mrs. Arthur H. Compton, D. M. Conger, Miss Cornelia Conkey, Henry P. Connell, P. G. Conners, Harry Connor, Mrs. Clara A. Connor, Frank H. Conover, Miss Margaret B. Cook, Miss Alice B. Cook, Mrs. Charles B. Cook, Mrs. David S. Cook, Jonathan Miller Cook, L. Charles Cook, Louis T. Cook, Thomas H. Cooke, Charles E. Cooke, Miss Flora Cooley, Gordon A. Coolidge, Miss Alice Coolidge, E. Channing Coolidge, Dr. Edgar D. Coombs, James F. Coonley, John Stuart Coonley, Prentiss L. Cooper, Samuel Copland, David Corbett, Mrs. William J. Cornell, Mrs. John E. Cosford, Thomas H. Coston, James E. 109 ASSDCIATK MKMHKilS {Continued) Cowan, Mrs. Ciracr L. Cosvt'ii, Maurict' I.. Cowles, Knight C. Cox, James C. Cox, William D. CoyI.>, (\ H. CraKK, Mrs. Goofrp L. Crane. CharU-s K.. II CreanRo, A. L. CreK<>. Mrs. Dominica S. Cn^rar, Mrs. John Crilly, Kd^ar Cromwell, Mi.ss Juliette Clara Cubbins, Dr. William R. Cudahy, Edward I. Cudahy, Mrs. Joseph M. CumminRs, Mrs. D. Mark Cummings, Mrs. Frances S. Cuneo, John F. Curtis, .\ustin Guthrie, Jr. Curtis. Mrs. Charles S. Cusack, Harold Cushing, John Caleb Cushman, Barney Cutler. Henrv E. Cutler, Paul William Cuttle, Harold E. Daemicke, Mrs. Irwin Paul Dahlberg. Bror G. Daily. Richard Daley. Harry C. Dalmar, Mrs. Hugo Dalmar, Hugo, Jr. Dammann, J. F. Dangel, W. H. Danielson, Philip A. Danley, Jared Gage Danne, William C, Jr. Dantzig, Leonard P. D".\(iuilii. George Darho, Howard H. Darrow, Paul E. Daughaday, C. Colton Davey, Mrs. Bruce E. David. Dr. Vernon C. Davidson. David W. David.son, Miss Mary F". Davie.s, Nlarshall Davi.s, Arthur Davis, C. S. Davis. Don L. Davis. Frank S. Davis, Dr. Joseph A. Da\'i.s, Dr. Loyal Davis, Dr. Nathan S., Ill Deahl, Uriah S. Deanc, .Mrs. Kuthvcn Decker, Charles C). DeCosta, !>«'wis M. deDardel, Carl U. Doe, Thomas J. Degen, David DcGolver. Rohcrt S. D.-L.-mon, H. K. Deiph, Dr. John F. Demaree, H. S. Deming, F^verett G. Dempster, Mrs. Charles W. Denison, .Mrs. John Porter Denman, Mrs. Burt J. Dennehy. Thomas C. Jr. Denney. F^llis H. Deslsles. Mrs. Carrie L. Deutsch. Mrs. Percy L. DeVries. David Dick, Edi.son Dick. Elmer J. Dick. Mrs. Homer T. Dickey, Roy Dickinson. F. R. Dickinson, Robert B. Dickinson. Mrs. Thompson Diestel. .Mrs. Herman Dimick, Mi.ss Elizabeth Dimmer, Miss Elizabeth G. Dixon, George W., Jr. Dixon, .Mrs. William Warren Dol)yns, Mrs. Henry F. Doctor, Isidor Dodge, Mrs. Paul C. Doering, Otto C. Doetsch, Mi.ss Anna Dole.se, Mrs. John Donker, Mrs. William Donlon, Mrs. Stephen E. Donnel, Mrs. Curtis, Jr. Donnellev. Gavlord Donnelley, Mrs. H. P. Donnelley, Mi.ss Naomi Donohue, Edgar T. Dornbusch, Charles H. Dorocke, Jo.seph, Jr. Dorschel, Q. P. Douglas, James H., Jr. Douglass, Kingman Dougla-ss, Mrs. W. A. Dreutzer, Carl Drever, Thomas Drevfus, Mrs. Moise Duhbs, C. P. DuBois, Laurence M. Dudley, Laurence H. Dulsky, Mrs. Samuel Dunbaugh, Harry J. Duncan, .■Mbert Ci. Duner, Joseph A. Dunlop, .Mrs. Simpson Dunn, Samuel O. Durand. Mrs. N. E. Durbin, FMetcher M. Flasterberg, C. J. F'a.stman, .Mrs. George H. I\aton, J. FVank F'.beling, FVederic O. F]ckhart, Percy B. F>idy, Thoma,s H. F^dwards, Miss F^dith E. lOdwards, Kenneth P. F^gan, William B. F^glott, Dr. Gustav F^ichengreen, F>Imund K. F^iseman, Fred R. F^isenberg, Sam J. F^i.sendrath. F>iwin W. F>isendrath. .Miss F^lsa B. Eisendrath. Robert .M. Eisendrath. William B. Ei.senschiml. Mrs. Otto F]isenstaedt. Harry F>i.senstein. Sol Eitel. Karl Eitel, Max Elcock, -Mrs. Edward G. Elenbogen, Herman Elich, Robert William FMlbogen, Miss Celia Elliott, Dr. Clinton A. Elliott, Frank R. Ellis, Howard Elting, Howard Embree, Henry S. Embree, J. W., Jr. Emery, Edward W. F^mmerich, Mi.ss Clara L. Engberg, Miss Ruth .M. F'ngel, Sli.ss Henrietta F'ngstrom, Harold F>dmann, Mrs. C. Pardee F>ickson, Donovan Y. F]rick.son, James A. Eric-son, Mrs. Chester F. Ericsson, Clarence Ericsson. Dewey A. Ericsson, Walter H. F>ikson, Carl A. F]rnst, Mrs. Ijeo Erskine, Albert DeWoIf Etten, Henry C. Eustice, Mrs. Alfred L. F'vans, Miss .\nna B. Evans, Mrs. David Evans, David J. Evans, Eliot H. 110 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued) Fabrice, Edward H. Fabry, Herman Fackt, Mrs. George P. Fader, A. L. Faget, James E. Faherty, Roger Faithorn, Walter E. Falk, Miss Amy Fallon, Mrs. J. B. Fallon, Dr. W. Raymond Falls, Dr. A. G. Farnham, Mrs. Harry J. Farrell, Mrs. B. J. Farwell, John V., Ill Faulkner, Charles J. Faulkner, Miss Elizabeth Faurot, Henry, Jr. Favill, Mrs. John Fay, Eugene C. Feiwell, Morris E. Felix, Benjamin B. Fellows, William K. Felsenthal, Edward George Fennekohl, Mrs. Arthur C. Fergus, Robert C. Fernald, Robert W. Ferry, Mrs. Frank F. Fetzer, Wade Filkins, A. J. Fineman, Oscar Finley, Max H. Finnegan, Richard J. Finnerud, Dr. Clark W. Firsel, Maurice S. Fischel, Frederic A. Fish, Mrs. Helen S. Fishbein, Dr. Morris Fisher, Harry M. Fisk, Mrs. Burnham M. Fitzpatrick, Mrs. John A. Flavin, Edwin F. Fleming, Mrs. Joseph B. Flood, Walter H. Florsheim, Harold M. Florsheim, Irving S. Florsheim, Mrs. Milton S. Folonie, Mrs. Robert J. Folsom, Mrs. Richard S. Folsom, Mrs. William R. Foote, Mrs. Harley T. Forch, Mrs. John L., Jr. Ford, Mrs. Willis Roland Foreman, Mrs. Alfred K. Foreman, Mrs. E. G. Foreman, Edwin G., Jr. Foreman, Harold E. Forgan, James B. Forgan, Mrs. J. Russell Forgan, Robert D. Forman, Charles Forster, J. George Fortune, Miss Joanna Foster, Mrs. Charles K. Foute, Albert J. Fox, Jacob Logan Fox, Dr. Paul C. Franche, Mrs. D. C, III Frank, Arthur A. Frankel, Louis Frankenstein, William B. Frankenthal, Dr. Lester E., Jr. Franklin, Egington Frazer, Mrs. George E. Freedman, Dr. I. Val Freeman, Charles Y. Freiler, Abraham J. French, Dudley K. Frenier, A. B. Freudenthal, G. S. Frey, Charles Daniel Freyn, Henry J. Fridstein, Meyer Friedlich, Mrs. Herbert Friend, Mrs. Henry K. Friestedt, Arthur A. Fuller, Mrs. Gretta Patterson Fuller, J. E. Fuller, Judson M. Furry, William S. Gabriel, Adam Gaertner, William Galgano, John H. Gall, Charles H. Gall, Harry T. Gallup, Rockwell L. Gait, Mrs. A. T. Gamble, D. E. Garcia, Jose Garden, Hugh M. G. Gardiner, Mrs. John L. Gardner, Addison L. Gardner, Addison L., Jr. Gardner, Henry A. Gardner, Mrs. James P. Garen, Joseph F. Garnett, Joseph B. Garrison, Dr. Lester E. Gates, Mrs. L. F. Gawne, Miss Clara V. Gay, Rev. A. Royal Gaylord, Duane W. Gear, H. B. Gehl, Dr. W. H. Gehrmann, Felix Geiger, Alfred B. Ceiling, Dr. E. M. K. Geittmann, Dr. W. F. Gellert, Donald N. Gensburg, Samuel H. Gentry, Veit Gentz, Miss Margaret Nina George, Mrs. Albert B. Gerber, Max Gerding, R. W. Gerngross, Mrs. Leo Gettelman, Mrs. Sidney H. Gettleman, Frank E. Getz, Mrs. James R. Getzoff, E. B. Gibbs, Richard F. Gibson, Dr. Stanley Gidwitz, Alan K. Giffey, Miss Hertha GifTord, Mrs. Frederick C. Gilchrist, Mrs. John F. Gilchrist, Mrs. William Albert Giles, Carl C. Giles, Mrs. Guy H. Gillette, Mrs. Ellen D. Gilmore, Dr. John H. Gimbel, J. W., Jr. Ginther, Miss Minnie C. Giryotas, Dr. Emelia J. Glaescher, Mrs. G. W. Glasner, Rudolph W. Glasser, Joshua B. Godehn, Paul M. Goes, Mrs. Arthur A. Goldberg, Philip S. Golden, Dr. Isaac J. K. Golding, Robert N. Goldman, Mrs. Louis Goldstein, Dr. Helen L. Button Goldstein, Nathan S. Goldstine, Dr. Mark T. Goldy, Walter I. Goltra, Mrs. William B. Goode, Mrs. Rowland T. Gooden, G. E. Goodman, Benedict K. Goodman, Mrs. Milton F. Goodman, W. J. Goodman, William E. Goodwin, Clarence Norton Goodwin, George S. Gordon, Colin S. Gordon, Harold J. Gordon, Dr. Richard J. Gordon, Mrs. Robert D. Gorrell, Mrs. Warren Gottlieb, Frederick M. Gould, Jay Gould, Mrs. June K. Grade, Joseph Y. Ill ASSOCIATK MK.MHKliS (Continued) C.rafT, Oscar C. Graham, Douglas Graham, E. V. Graham, Miss MarKan-t H. (iramm, Mrs. Hclrn GraiiKcr, Mrs. Lillian M. Grant, Janios I). Grant, John G. Graves, Austin T. Graves, Howard B. GrawoiK, Allen Gray, Hr. Karle Gray, Kdward Green, Michael Green, Robert D. Greenacre, Mi.ss Cordelia Ann Greenburg, Dr. Ira K. Greene, Henry E. Greenlee, Mrs. William Brooks Greenman. Mrs. P'arl C. Gregory, Stephen S., Jr. Gregory, Tap pan Gressens, Otto Grey, Charles F. Grey, Dr. Dorothy Griest, Mrs. Marianna L. GritTenhagen, Mrs. Edwin O. Griffith, Mrs. Carroll L. Griffith, Mrs. William Griswold, Harold T. Grizzard, James A. Groak, Irwin I). Gronkowski, Rev. C. I. Groot, Cornelius J. Groot, Lawrence A. Gross, Henry R. Gro.ssman, Frank L Grothenhuis, Mrs. William J. Grotowski, Mrs. Leon Gruhn, Alvah V. Grunow, Mrs. William C. Guenzel, Louis Guest, Ward E. Gurley, Miss Helen K. Gurman, Samuel P. Gustafson, Gilbert K. Guthman, Edwin I. Gwinn, William R. Hadley, Mrs. Edwin NL HafTner, Mrs. Charles C, Jr. Hagen, -Mrs. Daise Haight, George L Hair. T. R. Hajicek, Rudolph F. Haldeman, Walter S. Hale, Mrs. Samufl Hales, William .M. Hall, Edward B. Hall. .Mrs. J. B. Halligan. W. J. Hallmann. Herman F. Halp«'rin, .Xanm Halverstadt, Romaine M. Hamm, Fred B. Hammaker, Paul NL Hammerschmidt, Mrs. George F. Hand, ("n'orge W. Hanli'y, Henry L. Hann, J. Roberts Hansen. Mrs. Carl Hansen. Mrs. Fred A. Hansen, Jacob W. Hanson. Mrs. Norman R. Harder. John H. Harders, Mrs. Flora Rassweiler Hardin, John H. Harding, John Cowden Harding. Richard T. Harms. VanDeur.sen Harper, Alfred C. Harrington. David L. Harris. .Mrs. .\braham Harris. David J. Harris, Gordon L. Harris, Hayden B. Harris, Stanley G. Hart, Mrs. Herbert L. Hart. Ma.x A. Hart, William M. Hartmann, A. O. Hartshorn, Kenneth L. Hart wig. Otto J. Hartz, W. Homer Harvey, Byron, III Harvey, Richard M. Harwood, Thomas W. Haskell, .Sirs. George K. Hass, G. C. Hay, Mrs. William Sherman Hayakawa, Dr. S. I. Hayes, Charles M. Hayes, Harold C. Haves. Miss Marv E. Haynie. Miss Rachel W. Hays. Mrs. Arthur A. Havslett, Arthur J. Hazlett. Dr. William H. Hazlett. Mrs. William H. Healy. Vincent Jerrems Heaney. Dr. N. Sproat Hearst. Mrs. Jack W. Heaton. Harry E. Heaton. Herman C. Heck, John Hedbcrg, Henry E. HelTernan. .Miss Lili Hefner, .Aciam Heifle, .Mrs. Bernard H. Heiman, .Marcus Hcinzelman. Karl Hfinzen. .Mrs. Carl Heisler, Francis Hejna. Joseph F. Heldmaier, Mi.ss Marie Helfrich, J. Howard Heller, Albert Heller. John A. Heller. Mrs. Walter E. Hellman, George A. Hellyer, Walter Hemple, Miss Anne C. Henkel, Frederick W. Henley, Dr. Eugene H. Hennings, Mrs. Abraham J. Henry, Huntington B. Henschel, P^dmund C. Herrick, Charles E. Herron, James C. Herron, Mrs. Oliver L. Hershey, J. Clarence Hertz. Mrs. P'red Hertzl)erg. Lawrence Herwig. (ieorge Herwig, William I).. Jr. Herz, Mrs. Alfred Hes.se, E. E. Heverly, F'arl L. Hibbard, .Mrs. .^ngus S. Hibbard, .Mrs. W. G. Hieber, blaster J. Patrick Higley, Mrs. Charles W. Hildebrand, Dr. Eugene, Jr. Hildebrand, Grant M. Hill, Mrs. Ru.s.sell D. Hill, William C. Hill, William E. Hille, Dr. Hermann Hillebrecht, Herbert E. Hills. Edward R. Hind, .Mrs. John Dwight Hinman, Mrs. Estelle S. Hinrichs, Henry, Jr. Hirsch, Jacob H. Histed, J. Roland Hixon, Mrs. Frank P. Hodgkinson, Mrs. W. R. Hodgson. Mrs. G. C. Hoefman. Harold L. HofTmann, F^dward Hempstead Hogan. Robert E. Hokin. Mrs. Barnev E. Holabird. W. S., Jr. Holden, Edward A. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued) Hollander, Mrs. Samuel Holleb, A. Paul Hollenbach, Louis Holliday, W. J. Hollis, Henry L. Holmburger, Max Holmes, George J. Holmes, Miss Harriet F. Holmes, J. A. Holmes, Mrs. Maud G. Holmes, William Holmes, William N. Holt, Miss Ellen Holt, McPherson Holub, Anthony S. Holzheimer, Carl Homan, Miss Blossom L. Honsik, Mrs. James M. Hoover, Mrs. Fred W. Hoover, H. Earl Hoover, Ray P. Hope, Alfred S. Hopkins, Albert L. Hopkins, Mrs. James M. Hopkins, Mrs. James M., Jr. Horcher, William W. Home, Mrs. William Dodge, Jr. Horner, Mrs. Maurice L., Jr. Hornung, Joseph J. Horton, Mrs. Helen Horton, Hiram T. Horton, Horace B. Horween, Arnold * Horween, Isidore Hosbein, Louis H. Hottinger, Adolph Hovland, Mrs. John P. Howard, Willis G. Howe, Charles Albee Howe, Clinton W. Howe, Mrs. Pierce Layman Howe, Ralph B. Howe, Roger F. Howe, Warren D. Howell, Albert S. Howes, Mrs. Frank W. Howie, Mrs. James E. Howse, Richard G. Hoyne, Miss Susan D. Hoyt, Mrs. Phelps B. Hraback, L. W. Hrdlicka, Mrs. John D. Hubbard, George W. Huber, Dr. Harry Lee Hudson, Miss Katherine J. Hudson, Walter L. Huey, Mrs. A. S. Hufty, Mrs. F. P. Huggins, Dr. Ben H. Hughes, John E. Hughes, John W. Hume, James P. Humphrey, H. K. Huncke, Herbert S. Huncke, Oswald W. Hunding, B. N. Hurd, Ferris E. Hurvitz, H. R. Huska, Mrs. Joseph Hust, George Huszagh, Ralph D. Hutchinson, Foye P. Hutchinson, Samuel S. Hyatt, R. C. Ickes, Raymond W. Idelman, Bernard Igo, Michael L. Ilg, Robert A. Illich, George M., Jr. Ingalls, Allin K. Inlander, N. Newton Inlander, Samuel Irons, Dr. Ernest E. Isaacs, Charles W., Jr. Isham, Henry P. Ives, Clifford E. Jackson, Allan Jackson, Archer L. Jackson, Mrs. Arthur S. Jackson, Miss Laura E. Jackson, Mrs. W. A. Jacobi, Miss Emily C. Jacobs, Julius Jacobs, Mrs. Walter H. Jacobs, Whipple Jacobson, Raphael James, Walter C. Jameson, Clarence W. Jancosek, Thomas A. Janson, Dr. C. Helge M. Janusch, Fred W. Jarchow, Mrs. C. E. Jarchow, Charles C. Jarrow, Harry W. Jeffreys, Mrs. Mary M. Jeffries, Dr. Daniel W. Jenkins, David F. D. Jenkinson, Mrs. Arthur Gilbert Jennings, Ode D. Jerger, Wilbur Joseph Jetzinger, David Jirgal, John Jirka, Dr. Frank J. Jirka, Dr. Robert H. John, Dr. Findley D. Johnson, Dr. Adelaide Johnson, Alvin O. Johnson, Calmer L. Johnson, Mrs. Harley Alden Johnson, Joseph M. Johnson, Nels E. Johnson, Mrs. O. W. Johnson, Olaf B. Johnson, Philip C. Johnston, Edward R. Johnston, Miss Fannie S. Johnston, Mrs. Hubert McBean Johnston, Mrs. M. L. Jonak, Frank J. Jones, Albert G. Jones, Mrs. C. A. Jones, James B. Jones, Dr. Margaret M. Jones, Melvin Jones, Miss Susan E. Joseph, Mrs. Jacob G. Joseph, Louis L. Joy, Guy A. Judson, Clay Juergens, H. Paul Julien, Victor R. Kahn, Mrs. Arthur S. Kahn, J. Kesner Kahn, Jerome J. Kahn, Louis Kaine, James B. Kamins, Dr. Maclyn M. Kane, Jerome M. Kanter, Jerome J. Kaplan, Morris I. Kaplan, Nathan D. Karpen, Michael Kasch, Frederick M. Katz, Mrs. Sidney L. Katz, Solomon Katzenstein, Mrs. George P. Katzin, Frank Kauffman, Mrs. R. K. Kauffmann, Alfred Kaufman, Justin Kaufmann, Dr. Gustav L. Kavanagh, Clarence H. Kay, Mrs. Marie E. Keefe, Mrs. George I. Kehl, Robert Joseph Kehoe, Mrs. High Boles Keith, Stanley Keith, Mrs. Stanley Kelker, Rudolph F., Jr. Kelly, Mrs. Haven Core Kelly, Miss Katherine Marjorie Kelly, William J. 113 ASSOCIATK Mi:Min:i;s ^Cuntinned) Kemper, Hathaway (i. Kemper, Miss Hilda M. Kemjiner, Harry H. Kemuiier, Stan Kendall. Mrs. XirRinia II. Keriiirick, John F. Keiineiiy, Mrs. K. J. Kennedy, Lesley Kennelly, Martin H. Kennev, Clarence B. Kent, I)r. O. B. Keo^h, (lordon E. Kern, Mrs. .\uKUst Kern. U. \. Kern, Dr. N'ichola,s H. Korn, Trude Kerwin, F^dward M. Kesner, Jacob L. Kestnt)aum, Meyer Kettering, Mrs. Eugene \V. Kew, Mrs. Stephen M. Kiessling, Mrs. Charles S. Kile, Miss Je.ssie J. Kimtiall. David W. Kimball. William \V. Kimbark. John R. King. Clinton B. King, Joseph H. Kingman, Sirs. Arthur G. Kin.sey. Robert S. Kirkland. Mrs. Wevmouth Kitchell. Howell W. Kitzelman, Otto Klee, Mrs. Nathan Kleinpeil, Dr. Henry H. Kleist, Mrs. Harry Kleppinger, William H. Kleutgen, Dr. Arthur C. Klinetop, Mrs. Charles W. Knickerbocker, Miss Paula Knopf, Andrew J. Knutson, George H. Koch, Mrs. Fred J. Koch, Raymond J. Koch, Robert J. Kochs, August Kochs, Mrs. Robert T. Koehniein, Wilson O. Kohl. Mrs. Caroline L. Kohler, Eric L. Kohlsaat, Edward C. Konsberg, Alvin V. Kopf, Mi.s,s I.sabel Koppenaal, Dr. Elizabeth Thompson Kornblith, Mrs. Howard G. Kosobud, William F. Kotal, John A. Kotin, George N. Koucky, Dr. J. D. Kovac, Stefan KraiTt, Mrs. Walter A. Kraft, C. H. Kraft, James L. Kraft. John H. Kraft, Norman Kralovec. Emil G. Kralovec. Mrs. Otto J. Kramer, Ixtov Kraus, Peter J. Kraus. Samuel B. Kresl. Carl Kretschmer, Dr. Herman L. Kretschmer. Herman L.. Jr. KroplT. C. G. Krost, Dr. Gerard N. Kuehn, A. L. Kuh, Mrs. Edwin J., Jr. Kuhn, Frederick T. Kuhn, Dr. Hedwig S. Kunka, Bernard J. Kunstadter, Albert Kunstadter, Sigmund W. Kurfe.ss, John Fredric Kurtz, W. O. Kurtzon, Morris Lacey, Miss Edith M. Laflin. Louis E., Jr. Latlin, Louis E., Ill Lambert, C. A. Lampert. Wilson W. Lanahan, Mrs. M. J. Lane. F. Howard Lane. Ray E. Lang, Edward J. Langenbach.Mrs.AliceR. Langford. Nlrs. Robert E. Langhorne, George Tayloe Langworthy, Benjamin P'ranklin Lanman, E. B. Lansinger, Mrs. John M. Larimer, Howard S. Larsen, Samuel A. Larson, Mrs. Sarah G. Lasker, Albert D. La.s,sers, San ford B. Latshaw, Dr. Blair S. Lauren, Newton B. Lautmann, Herbert M. Lavers. A. W. Lavezzorio. Mrs. J. B. Lavidge. Arthur W. Law, Mrs. Robert O. Lawle.ss, Dr. Theodore K. Lawson, David A. Lax, John Franklin Lay den, Michael J. Lazar, .\Iaurice Lazear. George C. Ix'ahy. James F. Ix'ahy. Thomas F. Leavell. James R. LeBaron. Mi.ss Edna I^bold, Foreman N. I^bold. Samuel N. Lebolt. John Michael Lederer, Dr. Francis L. Lee, David .-\rthur Lee, Mrs. John H. S. I^fens, Mis,s Katherine J. Lefens, Walter C. I^eichenko, Peter M. Leight, Mrs. Albert E. Leiand. Miss Alice J. Leland. Mrs. Roscoe G. LeMoon, A. R. Lennon. George W. Lenz. J. Mayo Leonard, .Arthur T. Lerch. William H. Leslie, I^r. Eleanor I. I^slie, John Wood worth LeTourneau, Mrs. Robert Leverone, Louis E. Levin.son, Mrs. Salmon O. Levitan, Benjamin Levitetz, Nathan Levy, Alexander M. Levy, Arthur G. Lewis, Mrs. Ellis R. Lewy, Dr. Alfred L'Hommedieu, Arthur Liebman, A. J. Lillyblade, Clarence 0. Lindahl, Mrs. Edward J. Linden, John A. Lindheimer, B. F. Lingle. Bowman C. Lipman. Robert R. Li.ss, Samuel Little, Mrs. E. H. Littler, Harry E., Jr. Livingston, Julian M. Livingston, Mrs. Milton L. Llewellyn, Paul Lloyd, Glen A. Lochman, Philip Loeb, Hamilton M. Loewenberg, Israel S. Loewenberg, M. L. Loewenherz, Emanuel Loewenstein, Richard M. Loewenthal, Richard J. Logan, L. B. 14 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued) Long, William E. Loomis, Reamer G. Lord, Arthur R. Lord, John S. Lord, Mrs. Russell Loucks, Charles O. Louer, Albert E. M. Louis, Mrs. John J. Love, Chase W. Lovgren, Carl Lucey, Patrick J. Ludo'lph, Wilbur M. Lueder, Arthur C. Lunding, Franklin J. Luria, Herbert A. Lusk, R. R. Lustgarten, Samuel Lyford, Harrv B. Lynch, J. W. Lyon, Charles H. Maass, J. Edward Mabee, Mrs. Melbourne MacDonald, E. K. Maclntyre, Mrs. M. K. MacKenzie, William J. Mackey, Frank J. Mackinson, Dr. John C. MacLellan, K. F. MacMuUen, Dr. Delia M. MacMurray, Mrs. Donald Madlener, Mrs. Albert F., Jr. Madlener, Otto Maehler, Edgar E. Magan, Miss Jane A. Magerstadt, Madeline Magill, John R. Magnus, Albert, Jr. Magnuson, Mrs. Paul Maher, Mrs. D. W. Main, Walter D. Majors, Mrs. B. S. Maling, Albert Malone, William H. Manaster, Harry Mandel, Mrs. Aaron W. Mandel, Edwin F. Mandel, Miss Florence Mandel, Mrs. Robert Manegold, Mrs. Frank W. Manierre, Francis E. Manierre, Louis Manley, John A. Mark, Mrs. Cyrus Mark, Griffith Marquart, Arthur A. Marsh, A. Fletcher Marsh, John McWilliams, II Marsh, Mrs. John P. Marsh, Mrs. Marshall S. Marston, Mrs. Thomas B. Martin, Mrs. George B. Martin, George F. Martin, Samuel H. Martin, W. B. Martin, Wells Martin, Mrs. William P. Marx, Adolf Marx, Frederick Z. Marzluff, Frank W. Marzola, Leo A. Mason, Willard J. Massee, B. A. Massey, Peter J. Masterson, Peter Mathesius, Mrs. Walther Matson, J. Edward Matter, Mrs. John Maurer, Dr. Siegfried Maxant, Basil Maxwell, Lloyd R. Mayer, Frank D. Mayer, Mrs. Herbert G. Mayer, Herman J., Jr. Mayer, Isaac H. Mayer, Leo Mayer, Oscar F. Mayer, Oscar G. Mayer, Theodore S. Mazurek, Miss Olive McAloon, Owen J. McArthur, Billings M. McBirney, Mrs. Hugh J. McCahey, James B. McCarthy, Edmond J. McCarthy, Joseph W. McCausland, Mrs. Clara L. McClun, John M. McCord, Downer McCormack, Prof. Harry McCormick, Mrs. Chauncey McCormick, Fowler McCormick, Howard H. McCormick, Leander J. McCormick, Robert H., Jr. McCrea, Mrs. W. S. McCready, Mrs. E. W. McCreight, Louis Ralph McDonald, E. F., Jr. McDonald, Lewis McDougal, Mrs. James B. McDougal, Mrs. Robert McErlean, Charles V. McGraw, Max McGuinn, Edward B. McGurn, Matthew S. Mcintosh, Arthur T. Mcintosh, Mrs. Walter G. McKenna, Dr. Charles H. McKinney, Mrs. Hayes McMenemy, Logan T. McMillan, James G. McMillan, John McMillan, W. B. McNamara, Louis G. McNamee, Peter F. McNulty, Joseph D. McQuarrie, Mrs. Fannie McVoy, John M. Mead, Dr. Henry C. A. Medsker, Dr. Ora L. Melcher, George Clinch Melnick, Leopold B. Merrell, John H. Merriam, Miss Eleanor Merrill, William W. Metz, Dr. A. R. Meyer, Mrs. A. H. Meyer, Abraham W. Meyer, Dr. Charles A. Meyer, Charles Z. MeyerhofI, A. E. Meyers, Erwin A. Meyers, Jonas Michaels, Everett B. Michel, Dr. William J. Midowicz, C. E. Mielenz, Robert K. Milburn, Miss Anne L. Milhening, Frank Miller, Miss Bertie E. Miller, Mrs. Clayton W. Miller, Mrs. Donald J. Miller, Mrs. F. H. Miller, Hyman Miller, John S. Miller, Mrs. Olive Beaupre Miller, Oscar C. Miller, Mrs. Phillip Miller, R. T. Mills, Allen G. Mills, Llovd Langdon Miner, Dr. Carl S. Minturn, Benjamin E. Mitchell, George F. Mitchell, John J. Mitchell, Leeds Mitchell, Oliver Mix, Dr. B. J. Mock, Dr. Harry Edgar Moderwell, Charles M. Moeling, Mrs. Walter G. Moeller, George Moeller, Rev. Herman H. Moist, Mrs. Samuel E. Mojonnier, Timothy Mollan, Mrs. Feme T. 115 ASSOCIATK MKMBKIiS ^Continued) Molluv, David J. MoriK, Mrs. C. K. Monht'imt'r, Henry I. Monroe, William S. Moore, Paul, Monro, Philip Wyatt Moran, Miss MarRarct Morev. Dr. Charles W. Morf," F. William Morri.son, Mrs. C. R. Morri.son, Mrs. Harry Morri.son, James C. Morrow, Mrs. John, Jr. Morse, Sirs. Charles J. Morse, Leland R. Morse, Mrs. Milton Morse, Robert H. Morton, SterlinR Morton, William Morris Moses, Howard A. Mo.ss, Jerome A. Mouat, Andrew J. Moxon, Dr. George W. Mover, E. J. T. Mover, Mrs. Paul S. Mudge, Mrs. John B. Muehlstein, Mrs. Charles Mueller, Austin M. Mueller, Miss Hedwig H. Mueller, J. Herbert Mueller, Paul H. Mulford, Miss Melinda Jane Mulhern, Edward F. Mulholand, William H. Munroe, Moray Murphy, Mrs. Helen C. Murphv, Joseph D. Murphy, O. R. Murphy, Robert E. Muszynski, John J. Myrland, Arthur L. Xaber, Henrv G. Nadler, Dr. Walter H. Naess, Sigurd E. Nagel, Mrs. Frank E. Nance, Willis D. Naumann, Miss Susan Nebel, Herman C. Neelv, Mrs. Llovd F. Nehls, Arthur L. Xellegar, Mrs. Jay C. Nelson, Arthur W. Nelson, Charles G. Nelson, Donald M. Nelson, Victor W. Neuman, Sidney Neumann, Arthur E. Newhall, R. Frank Newhouse, Karl H. Newman, Mrs. Albert A. Newman, Charles H. Nichols, .Mrs. George R., Jr. Nichols, J. C. Nichols, S. F. Nils.son, Mrs. (Jster Norton, Christopher D. Norton, R. H. Novak, Charles J. Noyes, A. H. Noyes, Allan S. Noyes, Mrs. May Wells \ufer. Gene Nusbaum, Mrs. Hemiien D. Nyman, Dr. John Egbert Gates, James F. Oberfelder, Herbert M. Oberfelder, Walter S. Obermaier, John A. O'Brien, Mi.ss Janet 0"Connell, Edmund Daniel Odell, William R., Jr. Offield, James R. Oglesbee, Nathan H. O'Keefe, Mrs. Dennis D. O'Keelle, William F. Olcott, Mrs. Henry C. Oldberg, Dr. Eric Oldefest, Edward G. Oleson, Wrislev B. Oliver, Mrs. Paul Ol.sen, Miss Agnes J. Olsen, Mrs. Arthur O. Olson, Gustaf Ol.son, Rudolph J. O'Neil, Dr. Owen Onofrio, Mrs. Michael J. Ooms, Casper William Opeka, Frank M. Oppenheimer, Alfred Oppenheimer, Mrs. Harry D. OrndolT, Dr. Benjamin H. O'Rourke, Albert Orr, Mrs. Robert C. Orr, Thomas C. Orthal. A. J. Ortmayer, Dr. Marie Osborn, Theodore L. Ostrom, Mrs. J. Augustus Otis, J. Sanford Otis, Joseph E. Otis, Jr)seph Edward, Jr. Otis, Stuart Huntington Owings, Mrs. Nathaniel A. Paasche, Jens A. Packard, Dr. Rollo K. Paepcke, Walter P. Page, John W. Palmer, James L. Palmgren, Mrs. Charles A. Pardee, Harvev S. Pardridge, Mrs. E. W. Park, R. E. Paker, Dr. Gaston C. Paker, Norman S. Parker, Trov L. Parks, C. R. Parmelee, Dr. A. H. Parry, Mrs. Norman G. Partridge, Lloyd C. Paschen, Mrs. Henrv Pashkow, A. D. Patterson, Grier D. Patterson, Mrs. L. B. Patterson, Mrs. Wallace Patzelt, Miss Janet Peabody, Howard B. Peabodv, Miss Su.san W^ Pearl, Allen S. Pearse, Langdon Pearson, F. W. Pearson, George Albert, Jr. Peck, Dr. David B. Peet, Mrs. Belle G. Peirce, Albert E. PenDell, Charles W. Percy, Dr. Mortimer Nel.son Perel, Harry Z. Perkins, A. T. Perkins, Mrs. Herbert F. Perry, Sirs. I. Newton Peter, William F. Peters, Harry A. Petersen, Elmer M. Petersen, Jurgen Peterson, Arthur J. Peterson, Axel A. Peterson, Mrs. Bertha I. Peterson, Mrs. Richard E. Pfaelzer, Miss Elizabeth W. Pflaum. A. J. Pflock, Dr. John J. Phelps, Mrs. W. L. Phemister, Dr. Dallas B. 116 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued) Phillips, Dr. Herbert Morrow Phillips, Mervyn C. Pick, Albert, Jr. Pick, Frederic G. Pierce, J. Norman Pierce, Paul, Jr. Pierson, Mrs. James Rhodes Pierson, Joseph B. Pink, Mrs. Ira M. Pirie, Mrs. John T. Pitzner, Alwin Frederick Plapp, Miss Doris A. Piatt, Edward Vilas Piatt, Mrs. Robert S. Plummer, Comer Plunkett, William H. Pobloske, Albert C. Podell, Mrs. Beatrice Hayes Polk, Mrs. Stella F. Pollak, Charles A. Poole, Mrs. Marie R. Poor, Fred A. Pope, Herbert Poppenhagen, Henry J. Porter, Charles H. Porter, Edward C. Porter, Mrs. Frank S. Porter, Henry H. Porter, Louis Porter, Mrs. Sidney S. Portis, Dr. Sidney A. Post, Mrs. Philip Sidney Pottenger, William A. Poulson, Mrs. Clara L. Powills, Michael A. Pratt, Mrs. William E. Prentice, John K. Price, John McC. Primley, Walter S. Prince, Harry Prince, Rev. Herbert W Prince, Leonard M. Pritchard, Richard E. Probst, Marvin G. Proxmire, Dr. Theodore Stanley Prussing, Mrs. R. E. Pucci, Lawrence Puckey, F. W. Pulver, Hugo Purcell, Joseph D. Purcey, Victor W. Putnam, Miss Mabel C. Puttkammer, E. W. Pyterek, Rev. Peter H. Quick, Miss Hattiemae Raber, Franklin Racheff, Ivan Radford, Mrs. W. A., Jr. Radniecki, Rev. Stanley Raff, Mrs. Arthur Raftree, Miss Julia M. Railton, Miss Frances Ramis, Leon Lipman Randall, Rev. Edwin J. Randall, Irving Raney, Mrs. R. J. Rankin, Miss Jessie H. Rassweiler, August Rathje, Frank C. Ravenscroft, Edward H. Raymond, Mrs. Howard D. Razim, A. J. Reach, Benjamin F. Redfield, William M. Redington, F. B. Redmond, Forrest H. Reed, Mrs. Frank D. Reed, Mrs. Lila H. Reed, Norris H. Reed, Mrs. Philip L. Reeve, Mrs. Earl Regan, Mrs. Robert G. Rengenstein, Joseph Regensteiner, Theodore Regnery, Frederick L. Regnery, William H. Reid, Mrs. Bryan Reilly, Vincent P. Reingold, J. J. Remy, Mrs. William Renaldi, George J. Renshaw, Mrs. Charles ReQua, Mrs. Charles Howard, Jr. ReQua, Haven A. Rew, Mrs. Irwin Reynolds, Mrs. G. William Reynolds, Harold F. Rice, Mrs. Charles R. Rice, Laurence A. Rich, Elmer Rich, Harry Richards, Mrs. Bartlett Richards, Donald Richards, Marcus D. Richardson, George A. Richardson, Guy A. Richter, Mrs. Adelyn W. Rickcords, Francis S. Ridgeway, Ernest Rieser, Leonard M. Rietz, Elmer W. Rietz, Walter H. Ripstra, J. Henri Ritchie, Mrs. John Rittenhouse, Charles J. Roberts, Mrs. John Roberts, John M. Roberts, Shepherd M. Roberts, William Munsell Robertson, Hugh Robinson, Sanger P. Robinson, Theodore W., Jr. Robson, Miss Sarah C. Roderick, Solomon P. Rodgers, Dr. David C. Rodman, Thomas Clifford Rodman, Mrs. Hugh Roehling, Mrs. Otto G. Roehm, George R. Roesch, Frank P. Rogers, Miss Annie T. Rogers, Mrs. Bernard F. Rogers, Joseph E. Rogerson, Everett E. Roggenkamp, John Rogovsky, W. P. Roller, Fred S. Rolnick, Dr. Harry C. Romer, Miss Dagmar E. Root, John W. Rosborough, Dr. Paul A. Rosen, M. R. Rosenbaum, Mrs. Edwin S. Rosenfeld, M. J. Rosenfield, Mrs. Morris S. Rosenstone, Nathan Rosenstone, Samuel Rosenthal, Kurt Rosenthal, Samuel R. Rosenwald, Richard M. Ross, Joseph F. Ross, Robert C. Ross, Mrs. Robert E. Ross, Thompson Ross, Walter S. Roth, Aaron Roth, Mrs. Margit Hochsinger Rothacker, Watterson R. Rothschild, George William Routh, George E., Jr. Rozelle, Mrs. Emma Rubens, Mrs. Charles Rubloff, Arthur Rubovits, Theodore Ruettinger, John W. Runnells, Mrs. Clive Rupprecht, Mrs. Edgar P. Rushton, Joseph A. Russell, Dr. Joseph W. 117 ASSOriATK MKMBKKS {Conthiued) Kutledgo, Geo FRO K. Ryan, Mrs. William A. RvcTson. Mrs. 'Donal.i M. Sarklov, Mrs. James A. Sago. \V. Otis Salmon, Mrs. K. P. Sammons, \VhcM>U>r Sample, John Glen Samnsell, Marshall G. SandidRO, Miss Dai.sy Sands, Mrs. Frances B. Santini, Mrs. Randolph Sargent, Chester V. Sargent, John R. \V. Sargent, Ralph Sauter, Fred J. Sawver, Ainslie V. Sawyer. Or. Alvah L. Schaeht, John H. Schafer, Mrs. Elmer J. Schafer. O. J. SchatTner, Mrs. Joseph Schadner. Mrs. L. L. Scharin, Mrs. J. Hippach Scheinman, Je.s.se D. Schenck, Frederick Schlichting, Justus L. Schmidt, Dr. Charles L. Schmidt, Mrs. Minna .M. Schmitz, Dr. Henry Schneider, D. G. Schneider, F. P. Schnering. Otto Y. Schnur, Ruth A. Scholl, Dr. William M. Schreiner, Sigurd Schroeder, Dr. George H. Schroeder, Dr. Mary G. Schueren, Arnold C. Schukraft. William Schulze, Mrs. Mathilde Schupp, Philip C. Schurig, Robert Roy Schutz, Thomas A. Schuyler, Mrs. Daniel J., Jr. Schwab, Laurence E. Schwander, J. J. Schwanke, .Arthur Schwartz, Charles K. Schwartz, Charles P. Schwartz, Dr. Otto Schwarz, Herbert E. Schwinn, Frank W. Sclanders, Mrs. Alexander Scott, Miss Maud E. Scott. Fiobert L. Scribner, Gilbert Scudder. Mrs. Barrett Scully, Mrs. D. B. Sears, .Miss Dorothy Sears. J. .Mden Seaton, G. Leland Seav«'rns. Louis C. Sedgwick, C. Galen See, Dr. Agnes Chester Seeberger. .Mis.s Dora A. Seeburg, Justus P. Segal, \'ictor Seifert. Mrs. Walter J. Seip, Kmil G. Seipp, Clarence T. Seipp, Kflwin A., Jr. Seipp, William C. Sello, George W. Sencenbaugh, .Mrs. ('. W. Senne, John A. ShalTer, Carroll Shakman, James G. Shanahan, Mrs. I)avid K. Shane.sy, Ralph D. Shannon, Angus Roy Shapiro, Mever Sharpe. N. SL Shaw, Alfred P. Shaw, Mrs. Arrh W . Sheldon, James NL Shelton. Dr. W. P'.ugene Shepherd, Mrs. Edith P. Shepherd. Miss Olive NL Sherman, Mrs. W. W. Shields. James Culver Shillestad, John \. Shillinglaw, Davicl L. Shire, Slo.ses E. Shoan, Nels Shorev, Clvde E. Short, J. R. Shroyer, Malcolm E. Shumwav, Mrs. Eflward DeWitt Sidlev, William P. Siebel, Mrs. Ewald H. Sieck, Herbert Siegel, David T. Siemund, Roy W. Sigman, Leon Silander, A. L Silberman. Charles Silberman. David B. Silberman, Hubert S. Sills, Clarence W. Silverstein, Ramond Sil vert home, George M. Simond, Robert E. Simonds, Dr. James P. Simpson, John M. Sincere, Henry B. Sinclair, Dr. J. Frank Singer, Mrs. Mortimer H. Sinsheimer, Allen Siragusa, Ross D. Siivskinfi, Louis Skarrn. Kenneth W. Skleba. Dr. Leonard F. Sle«'per, Mrs. Olive C. Smith, Charles Herbert Smith, Clinton F. Smith, Mrs. E. A. Smith, Mi.ss Ellen Dunlap Smith, .Mrs. Emery J. Smith, Franklin P. Smith, Harold Byron Smith, Mrs. Hermon Dunlap Smith, Jens Smith, Mrs. Katharine Walker Smith, Mrs. Kinney Smith, Miss Marion D. Smith, Paul C. Smith, Samuel K. Smith. Mrs. Theodore White Smith, W. Lvnwood Smith. Z. Erol Smuk, Dr. J. E. Smullan, .Alexander Snyder, Harry Socrates, Nicholas A. Sola, Joseph G. Solem, Dr. George O. Sonnenschein, Hugo Soper, Henry M. Soper, James P.. Jr. Sopkin. Mrs. Setia H. Soravia, Jo.seph Speer, Robert J. Spencer. Mrs. Egbert H. Spencer. John P. Spencer, Mrs. William NL Sperry, Mrs. Leonard M. Spertus. Herman Spiegel. Mrs. Arthur H. Spiegel. Mrs. Frederick W. Spitz, Joel Spitz, I>eo Spooner. Charles W. Sprague. Dr. John P. Spray, Cranston Squires, John G. Staack, Otto C. Stacey, Mrs. Thomas L Stanton, Henry T. Starbird, Miss Myrtle L Starrels, Joel Stearns, Mrs. Richard L Stebbins, Fred J. Steele, Henrv B., Jr. Steele, W. D. Steepleton. A. Forrest Steffey, David R. 118 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS (Continued) Stein, Mrs. Henry L. Stein, Dr. Irving Stein, L. Montefiore Stein, Sydney, Jr. Steinberg, Dr. Milton Stenson, Frank R. Stephan, Mrs. John Stephani, Edward J. Sterba, Dr. Joseph V. Stern, Mrs. Alfred Stern, Alfred Whital Stern, David B. Stern, Gardner H. Stern, Oscar D. Stevens, Delmar A. Stevens, Elmer T. Stevens, Harold L. Stevenson, Engval Stewart, Miss Mercedes Graeme Stirling, Miss Dorothy Stockton, Eugene M. Stone, Mrs. Jacob S. Stone, Mrs. Theodore Straus, Henry H. Straus, Martin L. Straus, Melvin L. Strauss, Dr. Alfred A. Strauss, Ivan Strauss, John L. Straw, Mrs. H. Foster Street, Mrs. Charles A. Strickfaden, Miss Alma E. Stromberg, Charles J. Strong, Edmund H. Strong, M. D. Strong, Mrs. Walter A. Strotz, Harold C. Stulik, Dr. Charles Sullivan, John J. Sulzberger, Frank L. Summer, Mrs. Edward Sundin, Ernest G. Sutherland, William Sutton, Harold I. Swanson, Holgar G. Swanson, Joseph E. Swartchild, Edward G. Swartchild, William G. Swenson, S. P. O. Swett, Robert Wheeler Swift, Mrs. Alden B. Swift, Edward F., Jr. Sykes, Aubrey L. Sykes, Mrs. Wilfred Tarrant, Mrs. Robert Taylor, Frank F. Taylor, Herbert J. Taylor, J. H. Taylor, James L. Taylor, L. S. Taylor, William G. Templeton, Stuart J. Templeton, Walter L. Terry, Foss Bell Thai, Dr. Paul E. Thatcher, Everett A. Theobald, Dr. John J. Thomas, Mrs. Florence T. Thomas, Dr. William A. Thompson, Arthur H. Thompson, Edward F. Thompson, Ernest H. Thompson, Floyd E. Thompson, Dr. George F. Thompson, John E. Thompson, Mrs. John R. Thompson, John R., Jr. Thorne, Hallett W. Thornton, Dr. Francis E. Thornton, Roy V. Thorp, Harry W. Thresher, C. J. Thulin, F. A. Tibbetts, Mrs. N. L. Tilden, Averill Tilden, Louis Edward Tilt, Charles A. Tobey, William Robert Tobias, Clayton H. Todt, Mrs. Edward G. Torbet, A. W. Torrence, George P. Touchstone, John Henry Towler, Kenneth F. Towne, Mrs. John D. C. Traer, Glenn W. Trask, Arthur C. Traylor, Mrs. Melvin A., Jr. Traylor, Mrs. Melvin A., Sr. Treadwell, H. A. Trees, Merle J. Trenkmann, Richard A. Tripp, Chester D. Trombly, Dr. F. F. Trowbridge, Mrs. A. Buel, Jr. Trude, Mrs. Mark W. True, Charles H. Tumpeer, Joseph J. Turck, J. A. V. Turner, Alfred M. Turner, G. H. Turner, Mrs. Horace E. Tuthill, Gray B. Tuttle, Mrs. Henry N. Ullmann, Herbert S. Upham, Mrs. Frederic W. Uriell, Francis H. Utter, Mrs. Arthur J. Vacin, Emil F. Valentine, Andrew L. Valentine, Mrs. May L. Valentine, Patrick A. VanArtsdale, Mrs. Flora D. VanCleef, Felix VanCleef, Mrs. Noah VanCleef, Paul VanDellen, Dr. Theodore R. VanDeventer, Christopher Vanek, John C. VanSchaack, R. H., Jr. VanWinkle, James Z. VanZwoll, Henry B. Varel, Mrs. C. D. Vawter, William A., II Vehe, Dr. K. L. Verson, David C. Vial, Charles H. Vickery, Miss Mabel S. Vierling, Mrs. Louis Vogl, Otto VonColditz, Dr. G. Thomsen- vonGlahn, Mrs. August Voorhees, Mrs. Condit Voorhees, H. Belin Voynow, Edward E. Wade, Walter A. Wager, William Wagner, Fritz, Jr. Wagner, Louis A. Wahl, Arnold Spencer Wakerlin, Dr. George E. Walgreen, C. R., Jr. Walgreen, Mrs. Charles R. Walker, James Walker, Mrs. Paul Walker, Samuel J. Walker, WilHam E. Wallace, Walter F. Waller, Mrs. Edward C. Wallovick, J. H. Walpole, S. J. Walsh, Dr. Eugene L. Wanner, Arthur L. Ward, Edwin J. Ward, Mrs. N. C. Wardwell, H. F. Wares, Mrs. Helen Worth Warfield, Edwin A. Warner, Mrs. John Eliot Warren, Allyn D. Warren, Paul G. 119 ASSUCIATK MKMHKRS '<'n..i,nued) \\;irr»ri. Waltor G. Warsh, L«*<) (I. \Vashl)urnt\ Hempstead, Jr. Washington, LauronrcW Wassoll, Joseph Watson, William Upton Watts, Harrv C. Watzek. J. Vv.. Jr. Weber, Mrs. Will S. Webster, Arthur L. Webster, Miss Helen W. Webster, Henry A. Wedelstaedt, U. A. Weil, Mrs. Leon Weil, Martin Weiler, Rudolph Weiner, Charles Weiner, Georpe Weinstein, Dr. M. L. Weinzell)aum, Louis I.. Weis, Samuel W. Weisbrod, Benjamin \\. Weiss, Mrs. Morton Wei.ss, Siegfried Weissbrenner, A. W. Weisskopf, Maurice J. Wei.sskopf, Dr. Max A. Welles, Mrs. Donald P. Welles, Mrs. Edward Kenneth Wells, Arthur H. Wells, Mi.ss Cecilia W^ells, Harrv L. Wells, John E. Wells, Preston A. Wendell, Barrett Wendell, Miss Josephine A. Went worth, John Wentworth, Mrs. Sylvia B. Wentz, Peter L. W'erner, Frank A. Wertheimer, Joseph West, Thomas H. Westerfeld, Simon Wetten, Albert H. Weymer, Karl .\L Wheeler, George \. Wheeler, l>eo W. Wheeler, Leslie M. Wheeler, .Mrs. Robert C. Whinery, Charles C. White, Mrs. James C. White, Joseph J. White. Richard T. White, Sanford R. White, Selden Freeman Whiting. Mrs. Adele H. Whiting, Lawrence H. Widdicombe, Mrs. R. A. Wieland, Charles J. Wieiand, Mrs. George C. Wienhoeber, George \'. Wilcox. Robvn Wilder, Harold, Jr. Wilder, .Mrs. John E. Wilder, Mrs. Paul Wilker, Mrs. Milton W. Wilkey, Fred S. Wilkins, George Lester Wilkins, Mi.ss Ruth C. Wiikin.son, Mrs. George L. Wilkinson, John C. Willems, Dr. J. Daniel Willens, Jo.seph R. Willey, Mrs. Charles B. Williams, J. M. Williams, Kenneth Williamson, George H. Willis, Paul. Jr. Willis, Thomas H. Willner, Benton Jack, Jr. Wilms, Hermann P. Wilson, Kdward Foss Wilson, Harry Bertram Wil.son, Mrs. John R. Wilson, Mi.ss Lillian ^L Wilson, Morris Karl Wil.son, Mrs. Robert E. Wilson, William Winans, Frank F. Wind.sor, H. H., Jr. Winston, Hampden Winston, James H. Winston, .Mrs. James H. Winter, Irving Wolf, Mrs. Albert H. Wolf, Walter B. Wolfe, Lloyd R. Wood, .Mrs. Gertrude D. Wood. Mrs. Hettie R. Woofi, Kav, Jr. Wood. Mrs. R. Arthur \\'ond, Robert E. Wood, William G. Wf)odmansee, Fay Woods, Weightstill Worcester, Sirs. Charles H. Work, Robert Works, George A. Wright, H. C. Wright, Warren Wrigley, Mrs. Charles W. Wupper, Benjamin F. Yager, Mrs. Vincent Yerkes, Richard W. Yondorf, John David Yondorf, Milton S., Jr. Yorkey, Mrs. Margaret Young, B. Botsford Young, E. Frank Young. George W. Young, Hugh E. Zabel. Max W. Zabel, Mrs. Max W. Zapel, Elmer J. Zerler, Charles F. Ziebarth, Charles A. Zimmerman, Herbert P. Zimmerman, Louis W. Zinke, Otto A. Zork, David Abbott, W. Rufus Adams, Mrs. David T. Alford, Mrs. Laura T. C. Au.stin, E. F. Banks, Edgar C. Blatchford, Carter Bloom, Mrs. I^eopold Brand, Mrs. Maude G. Brennwa.sser, S. M. Bryant, John J., Jr. Burke, Mrs. Lawrence N. Deceased, 1950 Coffin, Fred Y. Colianni, Paul \'. Colvin. Mrs. William H. Compton, Frank K. Cornell, Dr. P>iward L. Curran, Harry R. Davis. Dr. Carl B. Deneen. Mrs. Charles S. Dryden, Mrs. George B. Eckstein, Mrs. Louis Fecke, Mrs. Frank J. Foster, Volney Girard. Mrs. .\nna Goehst, .Mrs. John Henry Gradle, Dr. Harry S. Gunthorp, Walter J. Hagner, Fred L. Hammond. Thomas S. Hardie, George F. Higgins, John 1:0 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS {Continued) Hinkle, Ross 0. Jacobs, Hyman A. Johnson, Arthur L. Joyce, Joseph Karcher, Mrs. Leonard D. Keeney, Albert F. Kellogg, John L. Kintzel, Richard Lauter, Mrs. Vera Ligman, Rev. Thaddeus Loeb, Mrs. A. H. Loeb, Leo A. Lovell, William H. Lurie, H. J. Moore, C. B. Morrisson, James W. Mulligan, George F. Musselman, Dr. George H. Nelson, N. J. Osborn, Mrs. Gertrude L. Otis, Ralph C. Perry, Dr. Ethel Petersen, Dr. William F. Pool, Marvin B. Purdy, Sparrow E. Russell, Paul S. Schwarzhaupt, Emil Sherman, Mrs. Francis C., Sr. Spohn, John F. Sturm, William G. Sutcliffe, Mrs. Gary Templeton, Mrs. WiUiam Teter, Lucius Thomas, Frank W. Valentine, Joseph L. Vehon, Morris Wallerich, George W. Walsh, Miss Mary Washburne, Clarke Waud, E. P. West, Miss Mary Sylvia Whealan, Emmett P. Whittier, C. C. Wilson, Percy Winston, Mrs. Bertram M. NON-RESIDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Those, residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, who have contributed $50 to the Museum Baum, Mrs. James Brigham, Miss Lucy M. Lindboe, S. R. Meevers, Harvey Mitchell, W. A. Porter, Dr. Eliot F. Niederhauser, Homer Stevens, Edmund W. Phillips, Montagu Austin Trott, James Edwards SUSTAINING MEMBERS Those who contribute $25 annually to the Museum Bingham, Carl G. Burke, Robert L. Caples, William G. Crooks, Harry D. Holmblad, Dr. Edward C. Huggins, G. A. Hunt, George L. Kroehler, Kenneth Laing, William Lessman, Gerhard Levi, Julian H. Mabson, Miss Eugenie A. McLennan, Mrs. Donald R., Sr. Moore, Chester G. Pope, John W. Raymond, Dr. Albert L. Scott, Willis H. Seeburg, J. P., II Simpson, Lyman M. Smith, J. P. Targes, Joseph Williams, Rowland L. Wilson, D. H. ANNUAL MEMBERS Those who contribute $10 annually to the Museum Abbell, Joseph J. Abbell, Maxwell Abbott, Edmund B. Abbott, Mrs. Howard C. Abbott, Mrs. John Jay Abeles, Alfred T. Adam, R. R. Adams, Cyrus H. Adams, Cyrus H., Ill Adams, F. W. Adams, Harvey M. Adams, Hugh R., Jr. 121 ANMAL MKMnKKS K^oudnued) Addison, Mirhaol E. Adrsko, Mrs. Thinidt'us V. Adsit. Harold C. Agar, Mrs. John T. Agar, Mrs. Stearns AKuiiialdo. Mi.s,s Carmen Alhad.'. Wells T. .MbifZ. Cieorge AlbriRht, Mrs. Ivan Alderdyce. P. I). Ale.ssio, Frank Alfjer, Frederick W. Allais, Mrs. Arthur L. Allen, Albert H. Allen, Amos G. Allen, Frank W. Allen, Joseph M. Allen, Mrs. T. George Allincham, N'orman C. Alton, Rf)hert Le.slie AmherR, Harold V. .\mberg, Mi.ss Mary .Agnes .\nieismaier, Julius .Vmerican, John G. Amtman, Dr. Leo Anderson, George C. Anderson, Hugo A. .\ndresen, Hilniar A. .\nning, H. K. .Anthonv, Miss Helen Appel, Dr. David M. Arado, A. D. Arden, Percy H. ArnkolT, Dr. Morris Arnold, Mrs. Hugo F. Arnold, Robert M. Arthur, Robert S. Arthur, Mrs. W. R. Arvev, Mrs. Jacob M. Ashcraft, Edwin .M.. Ill Atwood, Carl K. Auerbach, Henry B. Augustiny, Edward D. Austerlade, William R. .\ustin, Edwin C. Austin, Dr. Margaret Howard Austrian, Mrs. H. S. Avery, Guy T. Babbitt, Mrs. Ross M. Bach man, E. E. Bacon, R. H. Badgerow, Harve Gordon Baer, .Vrthur A. Bailey, Warren G. Baird, E. E. Baker, Mrs. Marion Herbert Baldwin, C. M. Baldwin. John R. Walsh Balfanz. Henrv W. Ballard, Mrs. E. S. Bankard, E. Hoover, Jr. Barbee, Beatrice Barber, H. B. Bard. Albert T. Barv E. Hardwell," William U. Barker, C. R. Barker, Charles P. Barker. E. C. Barker, James M. Harkhausen, Mrs. Henry G. Barnes, Mrs. Harold Osborne Barnes, William H. Barnow, David H. Haroody, K. T. Barr, Charles L. Barrett, Miss Adela Barrett, Lawrence H. Barriger, John W., Ill Barron, Maurice J. Barry, Gerald A. Bartholomay, Henry C. Bart holomay, William, Jr. Bart let t, George S. Bartoli, PVter Ba.ss, Charles Ba.st, O. D. Bates, Dr. A. Allan Baukus, J. Algert Bauman. P. J. Bauman, Walter J. Baumgardncr, H. L. Baxter, C. R. Bay, Dr. Emmet B. Beach, George R., Jr. Beall. R. M. Beamsley, Foster G. Bean, F'errel M. Beatty, Ross J., Jr. Beaumont, D. R. Beaven, Joseph C. Bechtner, Paul Becker, David Becker, Mrs. George A. Beckwith, William J. Beelman, Hugh C. Beers-Jones, L. Beilin, Dr. David S. Bell, Herbert E. Beman, Lynn W. Bender, Mrs. Charles Benedek, Dr. There.se Benesch, .Mfred Ben^tson, J. Ludvig Benjamin, Mrs. Bert R. Benjamin, Edward Benner, Miss Harriet Bennett, Dwight W. Bennett, .Myron M. Bennett, R.J. Bennett, Richard M. Bennett, Robert C. Jr. Bensinger. Robert F. Benson. .Arnon N. Benson. .Martin E. Benson, Miss Mildred W. Here, Lambert Berg, F.ugene P. Berger, R. O. BfTgfors, Emery E. Berk, Benjamin Berner, (ieorge Bernstein, George E. Beutel, Henrv J. Beven, T. D. Bianco, Mrs. Mildred M. Biddle, Robert C. Bidwell. Dr. Charies L. Bielefeld, Herbert J. Bigelow, Miss Florence E. Biggio, Mrs. Loui.se T. Birchwood, Dr. Eugene Bird. Miss Anne Birk, Meyer Birmingham, Frederic A. Bishop, James R. Bishop, Mi.ss Ruth Bissel, Otto Bjork, Eskil I. Bjorkman, Carl G. Black. E. D. Black. John D. Blackburn. John W. Blaine. James B. Blair, John P. Blair. Mrs. Wm. McCormick Biai.se, Mrs. Frank J. Blake, Arthur T. Blanksten, Mrs. Samuel B. Blecha, Miss Loraine Blitzsten, Dr. X. Lionel Block, Mrs. Joseph L. Blomquist, Alfred Bloom, H. L. Bloom, Mrs. I>eon D. Blumberg, Nathan S. Blume, Ernest L. Blumenthal, Barre Blunt, Carleton Bodfish, Morton Bohlin, Ivouis E. Boitel, A. C. Bokman, Dr. A. F. Bond, William Scott Bonfield, Mrs. Paul H. ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued) Bonfig, Henry C. Bonk, Joseph E. Booth, Sheldon M. Boothby, Donald Borinstein, Marcus E. Borland, Mrs. John Jay, III Borland, William F. Borrowdale, Thomas M. Both, Mrs. WilHam C. Bouris, George C. Bourke, Dr. Henry P. Bowersox, W. A. Bowes, Harlowe E. Bowes, W. R. Bowles, H. S. Bowman, Jay Boyd, B. W. Boyd, Darrell S. Boyd, Miss Helen Boyer, Miss Olga C. Bradburn, Robert F. Bradford, Miss Jane Marian Bradley, Charles C. Bradley, Dr. Garnet Brady, Harold Brandel, Paul W. Brando, Marlon Brandt, Fred T. Brandt, Mrs. Robert C. Bratton, L. G. Braudy, Mrs. Louis C. Braun, Mrs. James Burton Braun, Martin H. Breckinridge, Miss Mary Breen, James W. Bremner, Dr. M. D. K. Brennan, B. T. Brennan, John C. Brenza, John B. Breslin, Dr. Winston L Brice, Mrs. Edward Earle Brichetto, John L. Bridgeman, Wallace C. Briede, Henry J. Briggs, Edward A., Jr. Briggs, George L. Briggs, J. H. Briggs, Ralph E. Bright, Mrs. Orville T. Brock, Edson M. Brodie, Dr. Allan G. Brooks, Edward P. Brown, A. P. Brown, Adelbert Brown, Alexander Brown, Baird Brown, Cameron Brown, Garfield W. Brown, Mrs. George W. Brown, H. Templeton Brown, Mrs. Isidore Brown, Paul W. Brown, William W. Browning, John T. Bruce, A. D. Bruce, Harley N. Bruce, Ralph R. Brucker, Dr. Matthew W. Bruckner, Frederick J. Brugaletta, John Brunker, Albert R. Bruns, Herman H. Bryan, Charles W., Jr. Brye, Edvin Buchanan, J. H. Bucklen, Harley R. Budd, John M. Budlong, Robert Davol Bulk, George C. Bulfer, Dr. Andrew F. Bulger, Thomas S. Bunn, B. H. Burch, A. T. Burckert, F. D. Burdick, Charles B. Burgee, Joseph Z. Burke, James E. Burkill, Edward W. Burnap, Carl Burnet, Mrs. W. A. Burns, J. Forbes Burns, O. R. Burns, Patrick C. Burns, Peter T. Burris, Miss Mary H. Burrows, Arthur A. Burtis, Clyde L. Burtis, Guy S. Burtness, Harold William Burton, OHver M. Busch, Francis X. Butler, Burtram B. Butler, Chester L. Butler, Horace G. Butler, John C. Byerrum, R. O. Byrnes, William Jerome Cabeen, Richard McP. Cadwell, Charles S. Caesar, O. E. Caiazza, Theodore M. Callan, T. J. Calvin, Frank J. Cameron, Anson W. Cameron, John W. Cameron, William T. Camp, Mrs. Ruth Orton Campbell, Charles H. Campbell, Chesser M. Campbell, Donald F., Jr. Campbell, G. Murray Campbell, John B. Cantwell, L. Yager Capek, Charles A. Carl, Otto Frederick Carlington, William M. Carlisle, Mrs. William T. Carlton, Mrs. Frank A. Carney, Robert F. Carp, Joseph T. Carpenter, John Alden Carqueville, Charles Carr, George Wallace Carroll, Albert Carroll, James J. Carroll, Martin F. Carstens, Edward E. Carstens, Milton S. Carter, C. B. Casella, Mrs. Caroline Casey, C. L. Caspers, Paul Cassady, Thomas G. Cassetty, Rev. W. M., Jr. Cassinerio, Mrs. Edna D. Cathcart, Mrs. James A. Cedarburg, Miss Blanche C. Cervenka, John A. Chace, Thomas B. Chadwick, T. R. Chambers, Overton S. Chandler, Dr. Fremont A. Chapman, Dave Chapman, James Chapman, Ralph Chapman, Richard R. Chappell, V. F. Chase, Edward G. Cheskin, David B. Chesler, Morton C. Childs, Leonard C. Chinn, M. E. Chirich, Zarko Chor, Dr. Herman Chrisos, Dr. Sam S. Chrissinger, Horace B. Christopher, Dr. G. L. Cilella, Alfred J. Citterman, Solomon Clancy, Gates W. Clancy, John D., Jr. Clark, Claude T. Clark, Glenn A. Clark, James H. Clark, Dr. James Wilson Clark, Miss O. M. Clark, Mrs. Ralph E. Clark, Robert H. Clarke, Mrs. A. S. C. Clarke, David R. 123 AN.NL AL MKMUKKS U'untinued) Clarke, Mrs. Thilip R. CU'riu-nson, Harry \\ . Clements, J. A. Cleveland, Chaster \V. eleven, Peter H. Clifford, J. S. Clifton, C). \V. Clizhc. Mrs. F. O. Clonick. Ht'rhort J. Cloud, Marion I). Clovis, Paul C. Clow, J. Beach Clow, Kent S. Cobl)e>', J. A. Coen, Thomas M. Cohen, Archie H. Cohen, Harry Cohen, Louis L. Cole, Cornelius C. Cole, Mi.ss Marion W. Coleman, Harry M. Collier, John H. Collins, Arthur W. Collins, Mrs. P>ank P. Colvin, Miss Bonnie Combs, Karle M., Jr. Condee, Elbridge H. Condon, E. J. Conn, Warner S. Connors, Mrs. Thomas A. Consoer, Arthur \V. Cook, David C, III Cook, Junius F., Jr. Cook, Leslie H. Cook, Wallace L. Cooke, Thomas Edward Cooper, S. Robert Cooperman, Mi.ss Lynn Corbett, Oliver J. Corcoran, Thomas J. Corey, Ernest F. Corli.ss, Allen G. Cornelius, Mrs. R. W. Cornwell, Dr. H. J. Cotterman, L D. Coutney, Worth C. Covington, John R. Cowles, Alfred Cox, Arthur M. Cox, Henry L. Coy, C. Lynn Crage, Dr. Francis M. Cragg, Mrs. George L. Cram, Mrs. Norman Crean, Dr. C. L. Cremer, Carl Cretors, C. J. Crew, Ben L. Crofoot, Mrs. Mary Crowell, Dr. Bowman Corning Crowley, C. A. Crowley, S. J. Culbert.son, James (J. Cullinan, CJcorge J. Culpepper, Dr. William L. Culver, Bernard W. Culver, Syflney K. ("ummings, Dexter Cummings, Edward AL Cummings, Nathan Cummins, Dr. George .\L, Jr. Cump, Percy W., Jr. Cuneo, Francis J. Cunningham, Robert .M. Curtis, John G. Curtis, Paul Cushman, Dr. Beulah Cushman, Robert S. Dahl, William G. Dallwig, P. G. Daly, James J. Darby, Raymond J. Daspit, Walter David, J. Philip David, Sigmund W. Davidson, David K. Davidson, Louis G. Davis, Mrs. Charles P. Davis, Charles S. Davis, David Davis, Mrs. DeWitt, III Davis, George T. Davis, Paul H. Davis, Ralph W. DeCosta, H.J. Dee, P. J. Deeming, W. S. Defrees, Donald Dekker, Mi.ss Louise Delafield, Richard M. DeLong, J. I. DeMotte, R. J. DeParcq, William H. DePencier, Mrs. Joseph R. D'Esposito, Joshua Deuell, Mrs. Thomas Deverv, John J. DeWitt, E. J. Dick, Airs. Edison Dick, Mrs. Robert F. Dicken, Mrs. Clinton O. Dickens, Robert Sidney Dickerson, Earl B. Dieckmann, Mi.ss Millian Diehl, E. E. Diggs, Dr. N. Alfred Dilibert, S. B. Diller, Neal V. Dillon, W. M. Dinkelman, Harry Dixon, Mrs. Wesley M. Di.xson, Mrs. V. B. Dobkin, I. Dodd, Walter F. Doderlein, Roger W. Dodson, Rev. Dwight S. Dolan, Tom Doike, W. Fred Donahue, f'lmer W. Doolittle, John R. Dorpols, P>ank L. Dor.sey, John K. Dos^, Raymond W. Dougherty, Mrs. Jean E. Douglas, William C. Dougla.s-s, F. S. I)ougla.ss, Dr. Thomas C. Dovenmuehle, George H. Dowd, Mrs. FVank J. Downing, Dr. James R. Downs, Mrs. Cecil James Downs, Charles S. Downs, James C, Jr. Doyle, Mi.ss Alice M. Drago, Mi.ss Ro.se Ann Drake, Charles R. Drake, G. T. Drake, L. J. Draper, Henry P. Dre.s.sel, Charles L. Dreyfus, Maurice M. Driscoll, Robert Drummond, John M. Dry, Meyer Dubin, Joseph Dudak, Paul Duggan, Charles F. Dulsky, Louis Dunigan, Edward B. Dunkleman, Gabriel Dunlap, George G. Dunphy, Charles S. Dunwody, A. B. Durham, R. Gregory Durham, R. J. Duval, Dr. I>mile C. Duval, Nathaniel E. Dvonch, Dr. William J. Earl, Howard Granger Earland.son, Ralph O. Early, Preston H. Eben, Mrs. A. Bradley Eckhouse, George H. Eddv, Alfred K. Eddy, Philip E. Edel.son, Dave Edelstone, Benjamin J. Edgerly, Daniel W. Edmonds, Robert K. 1:4 ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued) Egan, A. J. Eiger, Richard Norris Eisenberg, David B. Eismann, William Elden, A. D. Eldred, Mrs. Harriot W. Elkan, Leo H. Ellington, J. E. Elliott, Dr. Arthur R. Elliott, Mrs. Edwin P. Ellis, Hubert C. Elmer, Miss Lulu S. Elson, Alex Emch, Arnold F. Emery, DeWitt Emery, Mrs. Fred A. Endicott, DeWitt Engebretson, Einar N. Engh, Arthur C. English, Miss Frances C. English, Roger M. Epstein, Mrs. Arnold Erickson, L. Hyland Eshbaugh, C. Harold Essley, E. Porter Estey, F. Clifford Etheredge, Gilbert Evans, Thomas W. Evers, John W., Jr. Fager, Raymond Alton Fairman, Miss Marian Faissler, John J. Fallis, Mrs. J. M. Falls, Dr. F. H. Fantus, Ernest L. Farin, Sheridan E. Farmans, Dr. Michael S. Farmer, Dr. Chester J. Farnsworth, Mrs. George J. Farrell, Mrs. Ernest H. Farwell, Albert D. Farwell, Mrs. Arthur Faulhaber, John M. Fellers, Francis S. Fenn, John F. Fensholt, A. H. Ferguson, J. F. Ferguson, H. K. Ferrara, Salvatore Ferry, Mrs. Frank Fiala, Joseph F. Field, Mrs. James A. Field, John S. Field, Mrs. William A. Fields, Sidney M. Fifer, Russell Fifielski, Edwin P. Finlay, Henry A., Jr. Finlav, James H. Finn."B. L. Fischer, Mrs. Louis E. Fischer, Mrs. Robert J. Fish, Mrs. Sigmund C. Fisher, C. P. Fisher, G. Howard Fisher, Ira L Fisher, Maurice Fisher, Nathan Fishman, Samuel Fitzgerald, Dr. J. E. Fitzgerald, R. W. Fitzmorris, Mrs. Charles C, Sr. Fitzpatrick, James J. Fitzpatrick, W. J. Fletcher, Joseph Fletcher, R. F. Flick, Frank Floreen, Adolph R. Florsheim, Leonard S. Foley, Dr. Edmund F. Foley, Frank J. Foote, Eric C. Forth, Milburn L. Fortin, Joseph T. Foss, Allan A. Foster, George P. Foster, Mrs. Kellam Foster, Robert S. Fouche, Mrs. G. R. Fowler, Clifford C. Fowler, Mrs. Earle B. Fowler, Edgar C. Fowler, Rev. George A. Fowler, Walter E. Fox, Clarence E. Fox, George E. Frank, Augustus J. Frank, Clinton E. Frank, Marvin Frank, Raymond W. Frankenbush, O. E. Frankenstein, Rudolph Franz, Herbert G. Frasier, Richard C. Frazee, Seward C. Fredrick, Erwin G. Freeman, Charles Y., Jr. Freeman, David A. Freeman, Thomas B. Freeto, Clarence E. Fremont, Miss Ruby Freund, Mrs. I. H. Friedberg, Dr. Stanton A. Friedeman, Richard F. Frieder, Edward Friedlob, Fred M. Friedman, J. L. Frothingham, Mrs. Naneen R. Fugard, John R. Fuhrer, Max Fuhrv, Joseph G. Fuller, C. C. Fuller, Mrs. Eugene White Furey, Dr. Warren W. Furth, Lee J. Gabel, Walter H. Gage, John N. Gaiennie, L. Rene Galanti, Mrs. Charles P. Gale, Abram Gale, M. J. Gallauer, William Galloway, Dr. Charles E. GaMache, Louis L. Gamrath, Elmer H. Gans, Mrs. Doris Coleman Gardner, Miss Blanche Gardner, Fred F. Garman, Earl M. Garrick, Dr. Samuel Gary, Charles V. Gary, Theodore S. Gatenby, John W., Jr. Gatzert, Mrs. August Gaudio, Charles C. Gaylord, Mrs. Sol H. Geiger, Joseph S. Geis, George D. Gekas, John C. Gelder, Miss Madeline Gendel, Paul Genther, Charles B. Geraghty, James K. Geraghty, Mrs. Thomas F. Gerow, Theron G. Gerrard, J. M. Gettleman, Samuel R. Getz, Oscar Gianaras, Alec K. Gibbs, A. E. Gibson, Paul Gidwitz, Gerald Gilchrist, C. T. Giles, Dr. Chauncey D. Gill, Joseph L. Gillett, W. N. Gillies, Fred M. Gilroy, John F. Girvin, Ramon B. Gitelson, Dr. Maxwell Gits, Mrs. Remi J., Sr. Glade, George H., Jr. Glader, Frank J. Glassford, Gordon L. Glatte, Havden A. Glen, Harold V. Glick, Louis G. 125 ANNIAI. MKMHKRS {Continued) Glover, Chpsier L. (lohli'. G. B. Goblt", Lawn'ru-e E. Goder, Joseph Godey, John W. Goes,' Otto W. Goessele, John H. Gootz. Carl 1-. Golan, Sanun'l 1-. (ioldhiTK. Bert rand Golden, .Mrs. Sainufl M. (;oldirh, David K. Goldschmidt, M. Goldstein, Hr. Ahraliain Goldstein, Mrs. Benjamin F. Goldlhorp. Or. Ellswortli Golman, Joseph J. GoniberK, Or. Harry Gonnertnan, Mrs. Allan W. Good, Charles E. Goodall, John C. Goodhar, Harrv L. Goodhart. Mrs". H. J. Goodman, Ralph L. Goodman, Mrs. William D. Goodrich, .Miss Josephine Goodrich, Miss Juliet T. Goodson, Orr Goodwin, Ma.xwell A. Gordon, .Mrs. Arthur Gordon, Edward Gordon, Leonard Gordon, Dr. .Marion Lee Gordon, Milton Gordon, Xorman Gourfain, A. S., Jr. Grace, Mrs. Harriet W. Grafts, Herbert Grape, William Graham, Hrrett O. Graham, John L. Grauer, Milton H. Graw, Harry J. Gray, A. S. Green, Mrs. Dwight H. Green, Norman C. Greene, Dr. Charles F. Greenhouse, Jacob Greenlee, William B. Gregg, John P. Greig, Dr. H. Wallace Grein, Joseph Griglik, Casimir Grimes, J. Frank Grinnell, Robert L. Groble, Edward B. Grochowski, Mrs. G. S. Groebe, Louis G. Groenwald, F. A. (irosl)erK, Charles ( I rove, C. G. Grove, .Mi.ss Helen H. Gruenank F. Kolkmeyer, Ralph W. Koliar, Dr. John A., Jr. Kopinski, Louis Kort, George Ko.s, Victor A. Kostrzewski, Dr. M. .1. Kotas, Rudolph J. Kraflt. Walter A. KraR, Franz K. Kramer, Herman J. Krane, I>eonard J. KrasberR, Rudolph Kratsch, Charles Krautter, L. ^Ll^tin Kre.sge, NL L. Krez, I^onard O. Krider, E. .\. Krinsley, Lazarus Kritchevsky, Jerome Krogh, E. E. Kroll, Harry Kroll, .Morris Krotter, .Miss Nellie \\. KruRRcl, .Arthur Krumdieck, Leo Kruse, W. K. Kuehn, Mis.s Katherine Kuehn, ()swalevin, Robert E. lyevine, William Levine, William D. Levitan, Moses I/«'wendowski, Sigmund W. I>ewis, B. F. I.K'wis, Mrs. Walker (J. Liebenow, J. Gus Lifv«"ndahl, Dr. Richard A. Lind. Charles P. Lindar. .Mrs. Albert J. Linfli'll, Arthur G. Lindeman, John H. Lindsay, Mrs. Martin Linflsey, Dr. Maude L. Lindsley, A. J. Line, Dr. Eva J. Lingott, I^ichard H. Linn, Joseph NL Linthicum, J. Franci.s Lipman, .Abraham Lippincott. R. R. Lippman, Mrs. William Lipsey, Howard Lipshutz, Jo.seph Litschgi, Dr. J. J. Littman, Ben.son Llewellvn, Mrs. K. Lloyd. Carl S. Lloyd, Mi.ss Georgia Lock, Gilbert L. Lockefer, Frank V. Lockett, Harold Lockwood, Lawrence A. Lockwood, Maurice H. Loeb, Mrs. Erne.st G. Loebe, Edward E. Lofquist, Karl E. Logelin, Edward C, Jr. Lome, Philip Loomis, D. P. Loomis, Miss Marie Looney, Charles C. Loosii, Dr. Clayton G. Lorance, Mrs. Luther NL Lorber, Herbert J. Loughead, Mi.ss Ruth Loung, George, Jr. Love, John T. I.K)ve, John T. Lovejoy, Mrs. Winfred L. Loverde, Dr. Albert A. Low, John NL Lowrey, Forest R. Lowy, Walter H. Luflolph, .Arthur L. Lund, Harry A. Lundy, Dr. Clayton J. Lundy, Francis L. Lutterbeck, Dr. Eugene F. Lydon, Eugene K. Lyon, Mrs. Jeneva A. Lyons, Philip 128 ANNUAL MEMBERS (Contmtied) MacDonald, Mrs. Victoria D. MacFarland, Hays Macfarland, Lanning Mack, John J. Mack, Joseph Mackenzie, Wentworth Park MacKenzie, William J. MacKiewich, Justin MacLean, Mrs. John A., Jr. MacLean, William P. Maddock, Mrs. Walter G. Magill, Miss Hallie Magnuson, Gustav V. Magnuson, Hugo E. Magnuson, Paul B., Jr. Mahler, L H. Maison, Mrs. L. G. Mall, Arthur W. Mallegg, O. 0. Manasse, DeWitt J. Mannette, Mrs. Russell L. Manning, Mrs. Herbert S. Manning, Dr. Paul D. V. Manno, Vincent P. Manz, George R. Manzelmann, George F. Marchant, Miss Lilian Marcus, Abel Maremont, Arnold H. Markman, Samuel K. Marling, Mrs. Franklin, Jr. Marnane, James D. Marqua, P. J. Marquardt, Dr. Gilbert H. Marquart, Arthur A. Marsh, E. S. Marshall, Charles A. Martin, Cecil Martin, Mrs. John Sayre, Jr. Martin, Mrs. Leroy Marx, Archibald B. Maseng, Trygve Mastri, Dr. Aquil Masur, Dr. Wolfgang Matchett, Hugh M. Mathews, Henry T. Mathewson, Lynn L. Mathieu, Auguste Matthews, Francis E. Matthews, J. H. Maxon, R. C. Maxwell, Mrs. Augustus K. May, Sol Maybrun, Arthur E. Mayer, Edwin W. C. Maywald, Elmer C. McArthur, Mrs. S. W. McBride, W. Paul McBurney, Kenneth McCaffrey, J. L. McCallister, James Maurice McCann, Charles J. McCarthy, Mrs. Theris V. McClellan, John H. McCloud, Miss Edna W. McClurg, Verne O. McCollum, John P. McCoy, Charles S. McCracken, John W. McCracken, Kenneth McCreery, C. L. McCurdie, N. J. McDermott, Franklin McDermott, H. T. McDermott, William F. McDonald, John M. McDougal, Robert, Jr. McDuffie, George J. McEldowney, C. R. McErlean, Charles F. McGuigan, James V. McGuire, F. Willis McGuire, Simms D. McGuire, Thomas P. McHenry, Irving McHenry, Roland McKay, Dwight McKay, Miss Mabel McKee, Albert E. McKee, William F. McKellar, Archibald D. McKibbin, Mrs. George B. McKittrick, C. E. McKy, Keith B. McLaughlin, A. G. McLaughlin, Mrs. George D. McLaughlin, Dr. James H. McLaughlin, L. B. McLaughlin, Luke Yore McLaughlin, William J. McLean, Dr. Helen Vincent McLennan, Donald R., Jr. McLennan, William L. McNamara, Donald McC. McNamara, Robert C. McNamee, Miss Margie McNear, Everett C. McNerney, Frank J. McPherson, David C. McSurely, Mrs. William H. McWilliams, J. E. Meadors, Roy O. Meek, Miss Margaret E. Meers, Henry W. Megahey, Rev. Thomas J. Mehaffey, Robert V. Mehan, J. H. Meidell, Harold Meistrell, Frank J. Meiszner, John C. Melgaard, B. B. Mellinghausen, Parker Menendian, Dr. Rose Mentzer, John P. Mercer, John F. Merricks, Mrs. James W. Merritt, Thomas W. Mertz, Miss Henriette Mesirow, H. G. Metcoff, Eli Meyer, Albert F. Meyer, Mrs. Alfred C. Meyer, Stanton M. Meyer, Wallace Michael, C. H. Michels, Mrs. George W. Milbrook, A. T. Milhoan, F. B. Millard, A. E. Millard, Mrs. E. L. Miller, Dr. C. O. Miller, C. R. Miller, Chester M. Miller, Creighton S. Miller, Earl A. Miller, Ernest P. Miller, Gilbert H. Miller, Mrs. Grace Edwards Miller, Mrs. Harvey O. Miller, John W. Miller, M. Glen Miller, Mahlon D. Miller, Oren Elmer Miller, R. W. Miller, Robert H. Miller, W. S. Miller, Willard M. Miller, William H. Milles, Leo H. Milliken, J. H. Minor, R. R. Mirabella, Mrs. S. F. Mitchell, Harry L. Mitchell, Mrs. James Herbert Mitchell, Mrs. R. B. 129 ANNUAL MKMBEKS (Continued) Mizfn, F'rpderic Kimball Modrne, Oscar V. Mciench, Miss Malinda Mohn, Mrs. H. Harold MolL-ndorf. J. D. Molt.T, Harold Monsen, Myron T. Moore, Donald F. Mooro, Harold A. Moore, Dr. Josiali J. Moore, Kenneth \V. Moore, Lucien \V. Moore, Malcolm H. Moore, Oscar L. Moorman, Charles L. Moran, John T. Moreland, Jam(>s C Morey. Albert A. Morgan, P>ed C. Mork, P. R. Morris, Milton H. Morris, Sidney H. Morris, Sidney L. Morrissy, Eugene V. Morrow, C. Allen Mortvedt. Rev. Ariel O. Mo.ssman, John K. Moulder, P. V. Moustakis, Linton G. .Mudd. Mrs. J. A.. Jr. Mueller, Mrs. Florian F. Muench, C. G. Muench, Hans Muhs, G. F. Mulcahy, Mrs. Michael F. Mulligan, Joseph B. Munnecke, Mrs. Wilbur C. Munson, Lvle Muntz, Earl W. Murchison, T. E. Murdough, Thomas G. Murphy, J. P. Murphy, Morgan F. Murrav, Edwin A. Murray, M. W. Murray, William NL Nlusick, Philip Lee Nabat, A. S. Xachman, H. S. NalTz, Mrs. L. E. Nafziger, R. L. Nash, R. D. Nath, Bernard N'au. Otto F. XetT. Ward A. Nel.son, Arthur W. Nel.son, Charles ^L Nelson, F^arl W. Nelson, Mrs. Henri K. Nelson, R. E.. Jr. Nemer, Fred Nesbitt, Fred 11. Ness, J. Stanley Nettnin, U'R.)y H. Newberger, Ralph Newcomer, Mrs. Paul Newman, Charles H. Newman, Mrs. Jacob Newton. Dr. Roy C. Nice, Dr. 1^'onard B. Nicholson. Dr. F. .\L Nielsen, Aksel Nikopoulos, Georgi' .\. Ni.sen, Charles M. Noble, Daniel E. Noble, Guv L. Nolle, Mrs. Charles B. Norman, (lustave Norris, Mrs. James North, Mrs. F. S. North, Harold F. Norton, G. A. Novotny, Richard R. Noyes, W. Hamilton Oberfelder, Joseph H. Oberhelman, Dr. Harrv A. O'Brien, M. J. Ochsner, Dr. Edwarrl H. O'Connor, John J. O'Connor. P. K. O'Connor, P. T. Odell. Jo.seph R. Ogden. Walter Headden O'Hair, R. C. O'Hara, Arthur J. O'Hearn. Rev. John J. O'Keefe. John F. Olaison, Miss Eleanor O. Oleson, Philip H. Olin, ?]dward L. Oliver, Dr. Marguerite Olsen, Andrew P. Ol.sen, Dr. Charles W. Olsen, Oscar W. Ol.sen, Sigurd Ol.son, Albert M. Ol.son, Benjamin Franklin Ol.son, H. Ed.sall Omara, E. IL O'Neal, Wendell O'Neill, Dr. Eugene J. O'Neill, J. Vincent Orschel, Albert K. Orstrom, Albert Z. Osanai, Mrs. Mary NL Osborn, Cyrus R. Osborne, W. Irving, Jr. OssendorfT. Dr. K. W. Ostrander, E. L. O'Sullivan, James J. Overen«l, Robert B. Owen, Mrs. Ralph W. Owens, Harry J. Pacholke, Fred Painter, Sliss Marguerite Pallasch, I'aul V. Palmer, Curtis H. Palmerton. Mi.'vs R. Pandaleon, Costa A. Parker, Austin H. Parker, Mi.ss P:dith P. Parker, I^ee N. Parrott, George H. Parsino, Mrs. James Patch, A. Huntington Patterson, W. A. Patterson, William F. Patti, Dr. Angelo R. Patton, A. E. Patton, Ralph E. Paulev, Clarence 0. Paulus, Mrs. Max G. Pay.son, Randolph Peabody, Mrs. Stuyvesant Pearce, Charles S. Pearson, Miss Agnes M. Peck. Mi.ss Constance L. Peck. Nelson C. Pederson. Alfred S. Peirce. NIrs. Clarence A. Pencik, Mrs. Miles F. Pendergast. Frank Penner, Louis L. Penner, Samuel Peponis, Arthur H. Perlman, Dr. Henrv B. Perlman, L B. Perlstein, Mrs. Harris Perreault, Earl E. Person, Dr. Allgot G. Peterkin, Daniel, Jr. Peters, Dr. Fredus N. Petersen, Lawrence A. Petersen, Niels Peterson, H. R. Peterson, V. W. Pettibone, Holman D. Pettingell, C. D. Pettinger, Andrew Pfaelzer, Mrs. Monroe Ptlager, Charles W. Phelps, Era.'^tus R. Phelps, William Henrv Phillips, Mrs. Howard C. Phillips, John Ward Phoenix, George E. Pickering, John E. Pier, H. .\L Piers, Dr. Gerhart 130 ANNUAL MEMBERS {Contitiiied) Pike, Wayne S. Pillsbury, Mrs. Charles S. Pirofalo, James C. Pitt, A. A. Pletsch, George B. Pletz, S. R. Plocek, J. Louis Plummer, Daniel C, Jr. Plunkett, Paul M. Pollard, Willard L. Pollock, Mrs. Lewis J. Pond, Mrs. Harold M. Pontius, Mrs. G. V. Poole, Arthur B., Jr. Poore, Robert W. Pope, George J. Pope, Mrs. Henry, Jr. Pope, Mrs. S. Austin Pope, Sidney T. Porte, James J. Porter, Dr. George J. Post, Myron H. Potter, Howard L Power, John W. Powers, William F. Prada, William R. Praed, William G. Praeger, Charles H. Preble, Robert C. Preikschat, Raymond W. Press, Robert M. Presson, Gerald Preus, J. A. O. Price, Allen H. Price, Frederick J. Price, Griswold A. Price, Owen N. Priest, David Prince, Mrs. Arthur C. Prince, William Wood Prindiville, James A. Pritchard, N. H. Pritzker, Mrs. Jack Proby, Dr. Edmund A. Pruitt, Raymond S. Puestow, Dr. Charles B. Purcell, Dr. James W. Purdue, Miss Maude Purdy, John P. Purinton, Dr. Robert F. Puzey, Russell V. Quackenbush, E. W. Quam, James P. Quan, John B. Queen, John W. Quetsch, L. J. Quisenberry, T. E. Radack, Mrs. Dorothy W. Ragland, John M. Ragland, T. C. Rambeau, William G. Ranney, Mrs. George A. Rappold, Samuel R. Rasmussen, Frank Rasmussen, L. M. Rau, John M. Rauh, Morris Ray, Harold R. Ray, Mrs. Herbert S. Raymond, Paul C. Rayner, Lawrence Reace, William T. Read, Freeman C. Ready, Charles H. Redding, George H. Reddy, Mrs. Philip J. Reed, Mrs. Frank C. Reed, L. F. B. Reese, William D. Regan, Mrs. Ben Regnery, Mrs. Henry Reich, Dr. Jerome B. Reicin, Frank E. Reid, Alf F. Reid, Bryan S., Jr. Reilly, David J. Reilly, George A. Reilly, W. J. Rein, Lester E. Reiner, John S. Reiser, Miss Irene K. Remien, Miss Marie Katherine Render, Miss Forsythe Renken, Miss Martha Rentfro, Dr. Charles C. Replogle, Dr. Fred A. Ressler, Harold B. Reskin, Charles G. Reynolds, Milton Rhodes, Charles M. Rice, Dr. Frank E. Rich, Keith Richards, Miss Irma L. Richards, Longley Richards, Oron E. Ricker, Jewett E. Ricks, Ivan Riedeman, H. T. Riggs, Mrs. Joseph A. Riley, John H. Rinaker, Samuel M. Ritter, Miss Lavinia Rivenes, A. I. Rivera, J. A. Roach, O. R. Robbins, Burr L. Robbins, Laurence B. Roberts, Harlow P. Roberts, J. K. Robertson, Egbert Robertson, Theodore B. Robinson, Alan S. Robinson, Dr. M. J. Robinson, Thomas G. Robson, Mrs. Oscar Roche, Burke B. Roche, John Pierre Roden, Carl B. Rodger, John H. Rodwick, Frank P. Roefer, Henry A. Rogan, Walter E. Rogers, Mrs. Hopewell L. Rogers, Mrs. J. B. Rogers, Lester C. Rogers, Milton P. Rogers, Miss Suzanne Rogers, Thomas W. Roll, Earl D. Roman, B. F. Ronayne, James F. Ronning, Magnus I. Roos, Edwin J. Rose, Ben Rose, George Rose, Jack Rose, John W. Roseland, J. G. Rosenberg, Ben L. Rosenberg, Mrs. Bernhard Rosenfels, Mrs. Irwin S. Rosenson, Herzl Rosenthal, M. A. Ross, Dr. Chester John Ross, Earl Ross, Dr. Martin T. Ross, Mrs. Sophie S. Roth, Arthur J. Rothschild, Mrs. Maurice L. Rowley, Fred C, Jr. Rowley, William F. Rozmarek, Charles Rubert, William F. Rubin, Edward P. Rudolph, Dr. A. H. Rudolph, Walter D. Ruehlmann, William R. Rugen, Fred A. Ruhl, Robert H. Ruhnke, George Runzel, William L., Jr. Ruskin, Mrs. Harry H. Rutherford, M. Drexel Ryan, Daniel B. Ryan, P. F. Ryder, F. W. Ryerson, Anthony M. 131 ANNUAL MKMHKHS (ronlhnted) Saalfi'M. Harry H. Saariru'n, W. Sabin, Klx'n T. Saijcr, Mrs. S. Norman Sarit>riii, James V. Salomon, Ira Saltari'lli, Dr. Gabriel Salt id. Dr. Thomas P. Salzman, Philip H. Sampst'll, Mrs. Joseph C Saimu'ls, HeMJamin Sanborn. Mrs. V. C. Sanl. Sirs. Clara Saneo N. Soule, M. M. Spacek, I>eonard P. Spark, David I. Sparr, Mrs. Caroline H. Spaulding, Raymond C. Spear, A. E. Speed, Dr. Kellogg Spencer, Arthur T. Spencer. William N. Spiegel, Dr. I. Joshua Spiegel. Mi.ss Katherine J. Spiegel, Mrs. Philip Spielmann, Will.son Sporrer, M. J. Springer, Clement F. Springsguth, Robert C. StatTel, Henrv E. StafTelbach, Earl T. Stagman, Dr. Joseph Stagman, Nathan Stahmer, George F., II Staller, Joseph H. Stamford, John Stanbery, J. N. Stanley, J. Paul Stanton. Edgar, Jr. Stanton, Mrs. Francis R. Stanton, Eyman A. Starbuck, J. C. 132 ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued) Starrett, Miss Carolyn J. Starshak, A. L. Stathas, P. P. Staudt Mrs. Louis Steelman, Berton J. Steen, Enoch Steen, Prof. Julian J. StefTen, Charles Steffey, D. Earl Stein, Mrs. S. Sidney Steins, Mrs. Halsey Steinwedell, William Stephens, Paul Stern, David B., Jr. Stern, Herbert L. Stern, Herbert L., Jr. Stern, Jacob S. Steuer, Mrs. Joseph True Stevens, Mrs. Clement D. Stevens, E. W. Stevens, George A. Stevens, Mrs. R. St. John Stevers, Martin D. Stewart, George R. Stewart, W. Ellis Stewart, William Scott Stiles, J. F., Jr. Stockton, Joseph D. Stoddard, Robert M. Stoddart, William M. Stoehr, Kurt Stolle, Arthur E. Stolp, John A. Stolz, Leon Stone, Dr. F. Lee Stone, Mrs. J. S. Storey, Oliver W. Storkan, Mrs. James Stormont, Dr. D. L. Storms, North Stout, Frederick E. Straka, Frank B. Stratton, Mrs. E. W. Stratton, Paul Stratton, Robert C. Straus, Mrs. Robert E. Stresenreuter, Mrs. Charles H. Stresen-Reuter, Frederick A. Strodel, F. A. Strohmeier, Dr. Otto E. Stuart, Lyman J. Stuart, Robert K. Stuart, William M. Stuenkel, Leon H. Stuermer, Ray Stumes, Charles B. Sudler, Carroll H., Jr. Suyker, Hector Swain, David F. Sweet, Lisle W. Swift, Nathan B. Swift, T. Philip Sylvanus, Alfred Sylvester, Edmund Q. Sylvester, Dr. Emmy Sylvester, Miss Maria P. Symmes, William H. Symonds, Merrill Szymanski, Dr. Frederick J. Talbot, Mrs. Eugene S. Tannenbaum, Dr. Karl H. Tarnopol, Emil Tarrson, Albert J. Tartak, Mrs. Gertrude C. Tatge, Paul W. Tatman, George R. Tauber, Stewart Taussig, Noah William Taylor, Mrs. A. Thomas Taylor, Edward L. Taylor, Fitzhugh Taylor, George H. Taylor, Reuben C, Jr. Taylor, Mrs. Samuel G. Tegarden, J. E. Templeton, Kenneth S. Temps, Leupold Teninga, Alfred J. Tennev, Henry F. Thiele^ George C. Thillens, Melvin Thiry, George F. Thomas, G. fruman Thomas, Lee B. Thomas, Miss Martha Thompson, A. Mac Thompson, Bert A. Thompson, Mrs. Florence S. Thompson, Dr. Willard O. Thoren, Mrs. J. N. Thoresen, H. B. Thome, Mrs. Gordon C. Thorson, Reuben Throop, Mrs. George Enos Timmings, G. H. Tippens, Mrs. Albert H. Todd, A. Toepper, Edward F. Tonk, Percy A. Toomin, Philip R. Topaz, Martin Topolinski, J. J. Torosian, Peter G. Trager, D. C. Traub, A. C. Traut, Bernard H. Traver, George W. Traynor, William B. Traynor, William Knowlton TrefTeisen, Gustave Tregenza, A. E. Trimarco, Ralph R. Troeger, Louis P. Trumbull, Mrs. Charles L. Trumbull, Robert F. Trumbull, William M. Tucker, Irwin R. Tucker, J. C. Turner, Dr. Herbert A. Tuteur, Charles Tuteur, Irving M. Tyler, Thomas S. Tyrakowski, Steven S. Tyrrell, Miss Frances Ughetti, John B. Uhlmann, Richard F. Ullmann, S. E. Urban, Andrew Urban, Dr. H. J. Utley, Mrs. Clifton M. VanBuskirk, M. G. Vanderkloot, Dr. Albert VanderKloot, Nicholas J. VanDeventer, William E. VanDyk, S. A. VanHoosen, Dr. Bertha VanKampen, A. H. VanMell, Herman T. VanNatta, V. R. VanSchaick, Mrs. Ethel R. VanStraaten, Herbert VanVoorhies, Rousseau Varty, Leo G. Vastine, Lee B. Vaughan, Alan W. Velvel, Charles Vilsoet, William Vloedman, Dr. D. A. Vogel, James B. Vogel, Mrs. Leslie H. Vogt, Earle E. Voltz, D. H. Vose, Mrs. Frederic P. Vydra, Frank C. Vye, George P. Wach, Dr. Edward C. Wade, Albert G., II Wadler, Milton Arnold Wagner, Richard Wahl, Herman L. Waite, Roy E. 133 ANMAL MKMIiKKS iCouliuHcd) W'aldfck, Herman WaMman. Dr. AlluTt (I. Wales. Robert M. Walker, Dr. Alfred (). Walker, Frederick W., Jr. Walker, lieno R. Walker. Wendell Wall. Dr. Frank J. Wallace, Charles Ro.'W Wallen.stein, Sidney Waller, William, Jr. Wallerstein. David B. Wallvrren. Kric M. Walters, (larv (1. Walz, John W. Wanzer, Howard H. Wardwell, H. F. Ware, Mrs. Robert R. Ware, Willis C. Warner, Krnest N. Warner, Mason Washburn, Dr. Kenneth C. Wasserman, Hy Wasson, Theron Waterstreet, W. Xeal Wat kins, Frank A. Wat ling, John Watson. David R. Watson, Xorman E. Watt, Herbert J. Way, Mrs. Henrv J. Wearv, Allen M.' Webb, Dr. Edward F. Webber. Harold H. Weber, James E. Webster, Dr. Augusta Webster, Frederick F. Webster, N. C. Wehmeier, H. A. Weidert, William C. Weigle, Mrs. Maurice Weiler, C. J. Weiner, Charles Weinre.ss, S. J. Weinzimmer, Dr. H. R. Weisbrod, Ma.x field Weismantel, Miss There.sa A. Wei.ss, Alexander Wei t man, W. E. Weitzel. Carl J. Welch, M. W. Welfeld, Marvin J. Wellin, Harold Wells, C. A. Wells, F. Harris WelLs, Frank C. Wells, Henry L. Barrett, Oliver R. P4 Wendt. JMiuin H. Wenholz. Walter W. Wenninger. William C. Wescott, Dr. \irgil West, Jame.s D. West brook. Charles H. We.sterlin, .Mrs. J. M. Wetmt)re, Horace (). Wetten. Walton Wezeman, Frederick H. Wheeler, Mrs. Sevmour Wheelock, Mi.ss Ellen P. Whipple, Ciavlord C. Whipple, .Mrs. .M. Cox Whipple, .Miss \'elma D. Whiston, Frank .M. White, William J. Whitelock, John H. Whitfield, (leorge B. Whit more, Lvh' S. Whitnell. William W. Whitney, Mrs. Charles R. Wholey, Mrs. Leota (Iregory Wible, R. R. Wickersham, Mrs. Lucille Wickland, Algot A. Wickman, C. E. Wilbur, Lawrence S. Wilby, A. C. Wilds, John L. Wiley, Mrs. Edwin G. Wilhite, James A. Wilk, Arthur E. Wilk, Dr. ClilTord M. Wilkinson, William D. Willard, Nel.son W. Williams, Albert W. Williams, .Mrs. Allan C., Jr. Williams, Jay C. Williams, Lawrence Williams, Ralph E. Williams, Ru.s.sell V. Williamson, Henry T. Williamson, John T. Willis, Ivan L. Willott, Mrs. Adele Willy, Gustave J. Wilmarth, Donald G. Wilson, Allen B. Wilson, Arlen J. Wil.son, H. Fred Wilson, Percival C. Wilson, Dr. William Windchy, Mrs. Frederick O. Deceased, 1950 Bas, Marvin J. Winsberg, Herbert H. Winsberg, Samuel Winston, Charles S., Jr. Winston, Mrs. Farwell Winterbotham, John R. Wise, James E. Wiseman, William P. Witt, Earl J. Wolchina, R. P. Wolf, Morris E. Wolf, Orrin E. Wolfe, Hubert J. WollT, Frank C. WoIlT, Oscar .M. Woofi, Eflward W. Wood, William A. Woodside, John T. Woofison. William T. Woodward, .Arthur H. Woodyatt, Dr. RoIIin Turner Woolard, Francis C. Woolf, Lawrence A. Wooster, Charles C. Worthy, .Mrs. James C. Woulfe, Henry F. Wright, William Ryer Wrisiey, George A. Vates, John E. Yohe, C. Lloyd Yonkers, Edward H., Jr. Vouker, Mrs. Claude W. Youmans, Mrs. M. A. Young, C. S. Young, Dr. Donald R. Young, J. H. Young, J. L. Youngberg, Arthur C. Youngren, W. W. Zaczek, Mi.ss Genevieve A. Zadek, Milton Zangerle, A. .Arthur Zaus, .Mrs. f^arl A. Zehr, Ores K. Zimmer, Harry L. Zimmerman, Austin M. Zimmerman, Carl Zimmerman, E. W. Zimmerman, Dr. Harold W. Zimmerman, Preston Zimmermann, Mrs. P. T. Zipse, Edwin W. Zitzewitz, .Arthur F. Zolla, Abner NL Zurcher, Mrs. Victor K. Byfield, Ernest L. ANNUAL MEMBERS (Continued) Connolly, R. E. Dempsey, John S. Dillbahner, Frank J. Field, Mrs. Wentworth G. Ganey, Miss Helen M. Hardy, Edward K. Hills, Charles W. Jarvis, William B. Jolly, John W. Joseph, Albert G. Kinnett, D. H. Larson, Elis L. Lichty, E. P.^ Lochridge, W. F. McNally, Frederick L. Mills, Ben Petersen, M. H. Poyer, Stephen A. Randall, Frank A. ReQua, Mrs. Charles H. Robinson, Miss Nellie Schenker, Ben W. Schwartz, Joseph Smith, H. S. Stahl, Felix B. Witkowsky, James 135 Articles ot Incorporation STATi: OK ILLINOIS DErARTMENT OF STATE William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State . To All to Whom Thfxsk Presents Shall Come, Greetinc: Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowleflged having been filed in the (iffire of the Secretary of State, on tho Ifith dav of September, A.D. 1.S93, for the orKanization of the "COLrMni AN MrSKl'M OF CFIICACO, under and in accordance with the provisions of "An Act Concerning Corporations," approved April IS, 1S7"J, and in force July 1, 1S7J, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Xoir, therefore, T. William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and fluties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSP:rM OV CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Te.rs shall he of twolvp classes, Corporate Members, Hon- orary Members, Patrons, Corresponding Members, Benefactors, Contributors, Life Members, \on-Resident Life Members, Associate Members, Non-Resident Associate Members, Sustaining Members, and Annual Members. Section 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trust(H>s at any of its meetings, upon the recom- mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person nament, the Second Vice-President, anri the Third Vice-President shall be cho.sen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Sectidn '2. The otRcers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc- cessors are elected and f|ualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board. \'aoanc"ies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Section 3. The officers shall perform .such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and .such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V THE TREASURER Section L The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpora- tion, except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants, signed by such officer, or officers, or other persons as. the Board of Trustees may from time to time designate. Section 2. The .securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor- poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay .same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow acce.ss to and deliver any or all .securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely: the President or one of the Vice- Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Mu.'jeum. The President or any one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with either the Chairman or any one of the other members of the Finance Committee, are authorized and empowered (a) to .sell, assign and transfer as a whole or in part the .securities owned by or registered in the name of the Chicago Natural History Mu.^eum, and, for that purpose, to endorse certificates in blank or to a named person, appoint one or more attorneys, and execute such other instru- ments as may be neces.sary, and (b) to cau.se any securities belonging to this Corpo- ration now, or acquired in the future, to be held or registered in the name or names of a nominee or nominees de.signated by them. Section 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with .such sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Section 4. The Harris Trust & Sa\nngs Bank of Chicago shall be Cu.s- todian of "The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of the Chicago Natural History Museum" fund. The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the ab.sence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Pre.sidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. 140 ARTICLE VI THE DIRECTOR Section 1. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in ofRce until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im- mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Com- mittees. The Director shall be the oflicial medium of communication between the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Section 2. There shall be four scientific Departments of the Museum — Anthropology, Botany, Geology, and Zoology — each under the charge of a Chief Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Chief Curators shall be appointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific Depart- ments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Chief Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Section 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the Board may direct. ARTICLE VII the auditor Section 1. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all bills rendered for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation. ARTICLE VIII committees Section L There shall be five Committees, as follows: Finance, Building, Auditing, Pension, and Executive. Section 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of not less than five or more than seven members, the Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the Building Committee shall consist of five members. All members of these four Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the mem- bers are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chairman, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice-Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Section 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and three other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Section 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Com- mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Com- mittee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. 141 Section 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the endowment and other funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate a.s may become its pr()p<'rty. It shall have authority to make and alter investments from time to time, reportinR its actions to the Board of Trustees. The Finance Commit tiH> is fully authorized to cause any funds or investments of the Corpora- tion to be made payable to bearer, and it is further authorized to cause real estate of the Corporation, its funds and investments, to be held or registered in the name of a nominee selecterl by it. Skotion 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the con- struction, reconstruction, and extension of any and all builrlings u.sed for .Nluseum purpo.ses. Sbotion 7. The Executive Committee shall be callexecutive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the en.suing December meeting and voted upon at the following .■Vnnual Meeting in January. ARTICLE .X Section 1. Whenever the word "Mu.seum" is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Mu.seum as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, re.searches, installa- tions, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publiratinns, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Section "J. The By-Laws, and likewise the .\rticles of Incorporation, may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote in favor thereof of not less than two-thirds of all the members present, pro\'ided the amendment shall have been propo.sed at a preceding regular meeting. 142 UNIVtnSfTY Of «.L»«0«» UBBANA 3 0112 084204988